Configuration

General settings After selecting "Edit general settings" you will need to enter the master configuration password. The default password for new installations is "lam". Now you can edit the general settings.

License (LAM Pro only) This is only required when you run LAM Pro. Please enter the license key from your customer profile. In case you have purchased multiple licenses please only enter one license key block per installation. When you entered the license key then the license details can be seen on LAM configuration overview page.

Security settings Here you can set a time period after which inactive sessions are automatically invalidated. The selected value represents minutes of inactivity. You may also set a list of IP addresses which are allowed to access LAM. The IPs can be specified as full IP (e.g. 123.123.123.123) or with the "*" wildcard (e.g. 123.123.123.*). Users which try to access LAM via an untrusted IP only get blank pages. There is a separate field for LAM Pro self service. Session encryption will encrypt sensitive data like passwords in your session files. This is only available when PHP OpenSSL is active. This adds extra security but also costs performance. If you manage a large directory you might want to disable this and take other actions to secure your LAM server. SSL certificate setup: By default, LAM uses the CA certificates that are preinstalled on your system. This will work if you connect via SSL/TLS to an LDAP server that uses a certificate signed by a well-known CA. In case you use your own CA (e.g. company internal CA) you can import the CA certificates here. Please note that this can affect other web applications on the same server if they require different certificates. There seem to be problems on Debian systems and you may also need to restart Apache. In case of any problems please delete the uploaded certificates and use the system setup. You can either upload a DER/PEM formatted certificate file or import the certificates directly from an LDAP server that is available with LDAP+SSL (ldaps://). LAM will automatically override system certificates if at least one certificate is uploaded/imported. The whole certificate list can be downloaded in PEM format. You can also delete single certificates from the list. Please note that you might need to restart your webserver if you do any changes to this configuration.

Password policy This allows you to specify a central password policy for LAM. The policy is valid for all password fields inside LAM admin (excluding tree view) and LAM self service. Configuration passwords do not need to follow this policy. You can set the minimum password length and also the complexity of the passwords. External password check Please note that this option is only displayed if you have installed the PHP Curl extension for your web server. This will validate passwords using an external service. LAM supports the protocol used by Have I been Pwned. You can use the service directly or setup any custom service with the same API. If the service reports an error LAM will log an error message and the password will be accepted. Example URL: https://api.pwnedpasswords.com/range/{SHA1PREFIX} LAM will build a SHA1 hash of the password and send parts of it to the service. The configured URL must contain the wildcard "{SHA1PREFIX}" which will be replaced with the 5 character hash prefix. The service must then return a list of text lines in the format "<hash suffix>:<number>". "<hash suffix>" needs to be the suffix of a known insecure password. The "<number>" can be any numeric value and will be ignored by LAM. Example: Password hash: 21BD10018A45C4D1DEF81644B54AB7F969B88D65 Hash prefix sent to service: 21BD1 Returned line: 0018A45C4D1DEF81644B54AB7F969B88D65:1 This will reject the password.

Logging LAM can log events (e.g. user logins). You can use system logging (syslog for Unix, event viewer for Windows) or log to a separate file. Please note that LAM may log sensitive data (e.g. passwords) at log level "Debug". Production systems should be set to "Warning" or "Error". The PHP error reporting is only for developers. By default LAM does not show PHP notice messages in the web pages. You can select to use the php.ini setting here or printing all errors and notices.

Additional options Email format Some email servers are not standards compatible. If you receive mails that look broken you can change the line endings for sent mails here. Default is to use "\r\n". At the moment, this option is only available in LAM Pro as there is no mail sending in the free version. See here for setting up your SMTP server.

Change master password If you would like to change the master configuration password then enter a new password here.

Server profiles The server profiles store information about your LDAP server (e.g. host name) and what kind of accounts (e.g. users and groups) you would like to manage. There is no limit on the number of server profiles. See the typical scenarios about how to structure your server profiles.

Manage server profiles Select "Manage server profiles" to open the profile management page. Here you can create, rename and delete server profiles. The passwords of your server profiles can also be reset. You may also specify the default server profile. This is the server profile which is preselected at the login page. It also specifies the language of the login and configuration pages. Templates for new server profiles You can create a new server profile based on one of the built-in templates or any existing profile. Of course, the account types and selected modules can be changed after you created your profile. Built-in templates: addressbook: simple profile for user management with inetOrgPerson object class samba3: Samba 3 users, groups, hosts and domains unix: Unix users and groups (posixAccount/Group) windows_samba4: Active Directory user, group and host management All operations on the profile management page require that you authenticate yourself with the configuration master password.

Editing a server profile Please select you server profile and enter its password to edit a server profile. Each server profile contains the following information: General settings: general settings about your LDAP server (e.g. host name and security settings) Account types: list of account types (e.g. users and groups) that you would like to manage and type specific settings (e.g. LDAP suffix) Modules: list of modules which define what account aspects (e.g. Unix, Samba, Kolab) you would like to manage Module settings: settings which are specific for the selected account modules on the page before

General settings Here you can specify the LDAP server and some security settings. The server address of your LDAP server can be a DNS name or an IP address. Use ldap:// for unencrypted LDAP connections or TLS encrypted connections. LDAP+SSL (LDAPS) encrypted connections are specified with ldaps://. The port value is optional. TLS cannot be combined with ldaps://. Hint: If you use a master/slave setup with referrals then point LAM to your master server. Due to bugs in the underlying LDAP libraries pointing to a slave might cause issues on write operations. LAM includes an LDAP browser which allows direct modification of LDAP entries. If you would like to use it then enter the LDAP suffix at "Tree suffix". The search limit is used to reduce the number of search results which are returned by your LDAP server. The access level specifies if LAM should allow to modify LDAP entries. This feature is only available in LAM Pro. LAM non-Pro releases use write access. See this page for details on the different access levels. Advanced options Display name: Sometimes, you may not want to display the server address on the login page. In this case you can setup a display name here (e.g. "Production"). Follow referrals: By default LAM will not follow LDAP referrals. This is ok for most installations. If you use LDAP referrals please activate the referral option in advanced settings. Paged results: Paged results should be activated only if you encounter any problems regarding size limits on Active Directory. LAM will then query LDAP to return results in chunks of 999 entries. Referential integrity overlay: Activate this checkbox if you have any server side extension for referential integrity in place. In this case the server will cleanup references to LDAP entries that are deleted. The following actions are skipped in this case: Users: group of (unique) names: memberships are not deleted when user is deleted Users: organizational roles: role assignments are not deleted when user is deleted Groups: groupOf(Unique)Names: memberships are not deleted when group is deleted LAM is translated to many different languages. Here you can select the default language for this server profile. The language setting may be overridden at the LAM login page. Please also set your time zone here. LAM can manage user home directories and quotas with an external script. You can specify the home directory server and where the script is located. The default rights for new home directories can be set, too. You can provide a fixed user name. If you leave the field empty then LAM will use your current account (the account you used to login to LAM). There are two possibilities to connect to your home directory/quota server: SSH key (recommended): Please generate a SSH key pair and provide the location to the private key file. If the key is protected by a password you can also specify it here. Password: If you do not set a SSH key then LAM will try to connect with your current account (the password you used to login to LAM). LAM Pro users may directly set passwords from list view. You can configure if it should be possible to set specific passwords and showing password on screen is allowed. LAM Pro users can send out changed passwords to their users. Here you can specify the options for these mails. If you select "Allow alternate address" then password mails can be sent to any address (e.g. a secondary address if the user account is also bound to the mailbox). LAM supports two methods for login: Fixed list LDAP search The first one is to specify a fixed list of LDAP DNs that are allowed to login. Please enter one DN per line. The second one is to let LAM search for the DN in your directory. E.g. if a user logs in with the user name "joe" then LAM will do an LDAP search for this user name. When it finds a matching DN then it will use this to authenticate the user. The wildcard "%USER%" will be replaced by "joe" in this example. This way you can provide login by user name, email address or other LDAP attributes. Additionally, you can enable HTTP authentication when using "LDAP search". This way the web server is responsible to authenticate your users. LAM will use the given user name + password for the LDAP login. You can also configure this to setup advanced login restrictions (e.g. require group memberships for login). To setup HTTP authentication in Apache please see this link and an example for LDAP authentication here. Hint: LDAP search with group membership check can be done with either HTTP authentication or LDAP overlays like "memberOf" or "Dynamic lists". Dynamic lists allow to insert virtual attributes to your user entries. These can then be used for the LDAP filter (e.g. "(&(uid=%USER%)(memberof=cn=admins,ou=groups,dc=company,dc=com))"). 2-factor authentication LAM supports 2-factor authentication for your users. This means the user will not only authenticate by user+password but also with e.g. a token generated by a mobile device. This adds more security because the token is generated on a physically separated device (typically mobile phone). The token is validated by a second application. LAM currently supports: privacyIdea By default LAM will enforce to use a token and reject users that did not setup one. You can set this check to optional. But if a user has setup a token then this will always be required. After logging in with user + password LAM will ask for the 2nd factor. If the user has setup multiple factors then he can choose one of them. Password You may also change the password of this server profile. Please just enter the new password in both password fields.

Account types LAM supports to manage various types of LDAP entries (e.g. users, groups, DHCP entries, ...). On this page you can select which types of entries you want to manage with LAM. The section at the top shows a list of possible types. You can activate them by simply clicking on the plus sign next to it. Each account type has the following options: LDAP suffix: the LDAP suffix where entries of this type should be managed List attributes: a list of attributes which are shown in the account lists Additional LDAP filter: LAM will automatically detect the right LDAP entries for each account type. This can be used to further limit the number of visible entries (e.g. if you want to manage only some specific groups). You can use "@@LOGIN_DN@@" as wildcard (e.g. "(owner=@@LOGIN_DN@@)"). It will be replaced by the DN of the user who is logged in. Hidden: This is used to hide account types that should not be displayed but are required by other account types. E.g. you can hide the Samba domains account type and still assign domains when you edit your users. Read-only (LAM Pro only): This allows to set a single account type to read-only mode. Please note that this is a restriction on functional level (e.g. group memberships can be changed on user page even if groups are read-only) and is no replacement for setting up proper ACLs on your LDAP server. Custom label: Here you can set a custom label for the account types. Use this if the standard label does not fit for you (e.g. enter "Servers" for hosts). No new entries (LAM Pro only): Use this if you want to prevent that new accounts of this type are created by your users. The GUI will hide buttons to create new entries and also disable file upload for this type. Disallow delete (LAM Pro only): Use this if you want to prevent that accounts of this type are deleted by your users. On the next page you can specify in detail what extensions should be enabled for each account type.

Modules The modules specify the active extensions for each account type. E.g. here you can setup if your user entries should be address book entries only or also support Unix or Samba. Each account type needs a so called "base module". This is the basement for all LDAP entries of this type. Usually, it provides the structural object class for the LDAP entries. There must be exactly one active base module for each account type. Furthermore, there may be any number of additional active account modules. E.g. you may select "Personal" as base module and Unix + Samba as additional modules.

Module settings Depending on the activated account modules there may be additional configuration options available. They can be found on the "Module settings" tab. E.g. the Personal account module allows to hide several input fields and the Unix module requires to specify ranges for UID numbers.

Cron jobs (LAM Pro) LAM Pro can execute common tasks via cron job. This can be used to e.g. notify your users before their passwords expire.

LDAP and database configuration Please add the LDAP bind user and password for all jobs. This LDAP account will be used to perform all LDAP read and write operations. Next, select the database type where LAM should store job related data. Supported databases are SQLite and MySQL. SQLite This is a simple file based database. It needs no special database server. The database file will be located next to the server profile in config directory. You will need to install the SQLite PDO module for PHP (pdo_sqlite.so). For Debian this is located in package php5-sqlite. MySQL This will store all job data in an external MySQL database. You will need to install the MySQL PDO module for PHP (pdo_mysql.so). For Debian this is located in package php5-mysql. Steps to create a MySQL database and user: # login mysql -u root -p # create a database mysql> create database lam_cron; # mysql> CREATE USER 'lam_cron'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'password'; mysql> CREATE USER 'lam_cron'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'password'; # grant access for new user mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON lam_cron.* TO 'lam_cron'@'%'; mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON lam_cron.* TO 'lam_cron'@'localhost'; Test your settings After the LDAP and database settings are done you can test your settings. Cron entry LAM also prints the crontab line that you need to run the configured jobs on a daily basis. The command must be run as the same user as your webserver is running. You are free to change the starting time of the script or run it more often. Dry-run: You can perform a dry-run of the job. This will not perform any actions but only print what would be done. For this please put "--dryRun" at the end of the command. E.g.: /usr/share/ldap-account-manager/lib/cron.sh lam 123456789 --dryRun

Adding jobs To add a new job just click on the "Add job" button and select the job type you need. The list of available jobs depends on your active account modules. E.g. the PPolicy job will only be available if you activated PPolicy user module. Depending on the job type jobs may be added multiple times with different configurations. For descriptions about the available job types see next chapters.

PPolicy: Notify users about password expiration This will send your users an email reminder before their password expires. You need to activate the PPolicy module for users to be able to add this job. The job can be added multiple times (e.g. to send a second warning at a later time). LAM calculates the expiration date based on the last password change and the assigned password policy (or the default policy) using attributes pwdMaxAge and pwdExpireWarning. Examples: Warning time (pwdExpireWarning) = 14 days, notification period = 10: LAM will send out the email 24 days before the password expires Warning time (pwdExpireWarning) = 14 days, notification period = 0: LAM will send out the email 14 days before the password expires No warning time (pwdExpireWarning), notification period = 10: LAM will send out the email 10 days before the password expires Options Option Description From address The email address to set as FROM. Reply-to address Optional Reply-to address for email. CC address Optional CC mail address. BCC address Optional BCC mail address. Subject The email subject line. Supports wildcards, see below. Text The email body text. Supports wildcards, see below. Notification period Number of days to notify before password expires. Default password policy Default PPolicy password policy entry (object class "pwdPolicy").

Wildcards: You can enter LDAP attributes as wildcards in the form @@ATTRIBUTE_NAME@@. E.g. to add the user's common name use "@@cn@@". For the common name it would be "@@cn@@". There are also two special wildcards for the expiration date. @@EXPIRE_DATE_DDMMYYYY@@ will print the date as e.g. "31.12.2016". @@EXPIRE_DATE_YYYYMMDD@@ will print the date as e.g. "2016-12-31".

389ds: Notify users about password expiration This will send your users an email reminder before their password expires. You need to activate the Account Locking module for users to be able to add this job. The job can be added multiple times (e.g. to send a second warning at a later time). LAM calculates the expiration date based on the attribute passwordExpirationTime. Options Option Description From address The email address to set as FROM. Reply-to address Optional Reply-to address for email. CC address Optional CC mail address. BCC address Optional BCC mail address. Subject The email subject line. Supports wildcards, see below. Text The email body text. Supports wildcards, see below. Notification period Number of days to notify before password expires.

Shadow: Notify users about password expiration This will send your users an email reminder before their password expires. You need to activate the Shadow module for users to be able to add this job. The job can be added multiple times (e.g. to send a second warning at a later time). LAM calculates the expiration date based on the last password change, the password warning time (attribute "shadowWarning") and the specified notification period. Examples: Warning time = 14, notification period = 10: LAM will send out the email 24 days before the password expires Warning time = 14, notification period = 0: LAM will send out the email 14 days before the password expires Options Option Description From address The email address to set as FROM. Reply-to address Optional Reply-to address for email. CC address Optional CC mail address. BCC address Optional BCC mail address. Subject The email subject line. Supports wildcards, see below. Text The email body text. Supports wildcards, see below. Notification period Number of days to notify before password expires.

Shadow: Delete or move expired accounts You can automatically delete or move expired accounts. The job checks Shadow account expiration dates (not password expiration dates). Options Option Description Delay Number of days to wait after the account is expired. Action Delete or move accounts Target DN Move only: specifies the DN where accounts are moved

Windows: Notify users about password expiration This will send your users an email reminder before their password expires. You need to activate the Windows module for users to be able to add this job. The job can be added multiple times (e.g. to send a second warning at a later time). LAM calculates the expiration date based on the last password change and the domain policy. Options Option Description From address The email address to set as FROM. Reply-to address Optional Reply-to address for email. CC address Optional CC mail address. BCC address Optional BCC mail address. Subject The email subject line. Supports wildcards, see below. Text The email body text. Supports wildcards, see below. Notification period Number of days to notify before password expires.

Windows: Delete or move expired accounts You can automatically delete or move expired accounts. Options Option Description Delay Number of days to wait after the account is expired. Action Delete or move accounts Target DN Move only: specifies the DN where accounts are moved

FreeRadius: Delete or move expired accounts You can automatically delete or move expired accounts. Options Option Description Delay Number of days to wait after the account is expired. Action Delete or move accounts Target DN Move only: specifies the DN where accounts are moved

Qmail: Delete or move expired accounts You can automatically delete or move expired accounts. The job reads the qmail deletion date of user accounts. Options Option Description Delay Number of days to wait after the account is expired. Action Delete or move accounts Target DN Move only: specifies the DN where accounts are moved

Job history This will show the list of all executed job runs and their result.

Typical scenarios This is a list of typical scenarios how your LDAP environment may look like and how to structure the server profiles for it.

Simple: One LDAP directory managed by a small group of admins This is the easiest and most common scenario. You want to manage a single LDAP server and there is only one or a few admins. In this case just create one server profile and you are done. The admins may be either specified as a fixed list or by using an LDAP search at login time.

Advanced: One LDAP server which is managed by different admin groups Large organisations may have one big LDAP directory for all user/group accounts. But the users are managed by different groups of admins (e.g. departments, locations, subsidiaries, ...). The users are typically divided into organisational units in the LDAP tree. Admins may only manage the users in their part of the tree. In this situation it is recommended to create one server profile for each admin group (e.g. department). Setup the LDAP suffixes in the server profiles to point to the needed organisational units. E.g. use ou=people,ou=department1,dc=company,dc=com or ou=department1,ou=people,dc=company,dc=com as LDAP suffix for users. Do the same for groups, hosts, ... This way each admin group will only see its own users. You may want to use LDAP search for the LAM login in this scenario. This will prevent that you need to update a server profile if the number of admins changes. Attention: LAM's feature to automatically find free UIDs/GIDs for new users/groups will not work in this case. LAM uses the user/group suffix to search for already assigned UIDs/GIDs. As an alternative you can specify different UID/GID ranges for each department. Then the UIDs/GIDs will stay unique for the whole directory.

Multiple LDAP servers You can manage as many LDAP servers with LAM as you wish. This scenario is similar to the advanced scenario above. Just create one server profile for each LDAP server.

Single LDAP directory with lots of users (>10 000) LAM was tested to work with 10 000 users. If you have a lot more users then you have basically two options. Divide your LDAP tree in organisational units: This is usually the best performing option. Put your accounts in several organisational units and setup LAM as in the advanced scenario above. Increase memory limit: Increase the memory_limit parameter in your php.ini. This will allow LAM to read more entries. But this will slow down the response times of LAM.