LDAPAccountManager/lam/docs/manual-sources/howto.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE book PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.3//EN"
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.3/docbookx.dtd">
<book>
  <title>LDAP Account Manager - Manual</title>

  <preface>
    <title>Overview</title>

    <para>LDAP Account Manager (LAM) manages user, group and host accounts in
    an LDAP directory. LAM runs on any webserver with PHP5 support and
    connects to your LDAP server unencrypted or via SSL/TLS.</para>

    <para>Currently LAM supports these account types: Samba 3, Unix, Kolab 2,
    address book entries, NIS mail aliases and MAC addresses. There is a tree
    viewer included to allow access to the raw LDAP attributes. You can use
    templates for account creation and use multiple configuration profiles.
    LAM is translated to Catalan, Chinese (Traditional + Simplified), Czech,
    Dutch, English, French, German, Hungarian, Italian, Japanese, Polish,
    Portuguese, Russian and Spanish.</para>

    <para><ulink
    url="http://www.ldap-account-manager.org/">http://www.ldap-account-manager.org/</ulink></para>

    <para>Copyright (C) 2003 - 2012 Roland Gruber
    &lt;post@rolandgruber.de&gt;</para>

    <para><emphasis role="bold">Key features:</emphasis></para>

    <itemizedlist>
      <listitem>
        <para>managing user/group/host/domain entries</para>
      </listitem>

      <listitem>
        <para>account profiles</para>
      </listitem>

      <listitem>
        <para>account creation via file upload</para>
      </listitem>

      <listitem>
        <para>multiple configuration profiles</para>
      </listitem>

      <listitem>
        <para>LDAP browser</para>
      </listitem>

      <listitem>
        <para>schema browser</para>
      </listitem>

      <listitem>
        <para>OU editor</para>
      </listitem>

      <listitem>
        <para>PDF export for all accounts</para>
      </listitem>

      <listitem>
        <para>manage user/group Quota and create home directories</para>
      </listitem>
    </itemizedlist>

    <para><emphasis role="bold">Requirements:</emphasis></para>

    <itemizedlist>
      <listitem>
        <para>PHP5 (&gt;= 5.2.4)</para>
      </listitem>

      <listitem>
        <para>Openldap (2.0 or greater)</para>
      </listitem>

      <listitem>
        <para>A recent web browser that supports CSS2 and JavaScript, at
        minimum:</para>

        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>Firefox 3</para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>Internet Explorer 8<emphasis role="bold"> (compatibility
            mode turned off)</emphasis></para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>Opera 10</para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
      </listitem>
    </itemizedlist>

    <para>The default password to edit the configuration options is
    "lam".</para>

    <para><emphasis role="bold">License:</emphasis></para>

    <para>LAM is published under the GNU General Public License. The complete
    list of licenses can be found in the copyright file.</para>

    <para><emphasis role="bold">Default password:</emphasis></para>

    <para>The default password for the LAM configuration is "lam".</para>

    <literallayout>
Have fun!
     The LAM development team</literallayout>
  </preface>

  <preface>
    <title>Architecture</title>

    <para>There are basically two groups of users for LAM:</para>

    <itemizedlist>
      <listitem>
        <para><emphasis role="bold">LDAP administrators and support
        staff:</emphasis></para>

        <para>These people administer LDAP entries like user accounts, groups,
        ...</para>
      </listitem>

      <listitem>
        <para><emphasis role="bold">Users:</emphasis></para>

        <para>This includes all people who need to manage their own data
        inside the LDAP directory. E.g. these people edit their contact
        information with LAM self service (LAM Pro).</para>
      </listitem>
    </itemizedlist>

    <screenshot>
      <mediaobject>
        <imageobject>
          <imagedata fileref="images/lam_architecture.png" />
        </imageobject>
      </mediaobject>
    </screenshot>

    <para>Therefore, LAM is split into two separate parts, LAM for admins and
    for users. LAM for admins allows to manage various types of LDAP entries
    (e.g. users, groups, hosts, ...). It also contains tools like batch
    upload, account profiles, LDAP schema viewer and an LDAP browser. LAM for
    users focuses on end users. It provides a self service for the users to
    edit their personal data (e.g. contact information). The LAM administrator
    is able to specify what data may be changed by the users. The design is
    also adaptable to your corporate design.</para>

    <para>LAM for admins/users is accessible via HTTP(S) by all major web
    browsers (Firefox, IE, Opera, ...).</para>

    <para><emphasis role="bold">LAM runtime environment:</emphasis></para>

    <para>LAM runs on PHP. Therefore, it is independant of CPU architecture
    and operating system (OS). You can run LAM on any OS which supports Apache
    or other PHP compatible web servers.</para>

    <para><emphasis role="bold">Home directory server:</emphasis></para>

    <para>You can manage user home directories and their quotas inside LAM.
    The home directories may reside on the server where LAM is installed or
    any remote server. The commands for home directory management are secured
    by SSH. LAM will use the user name and password of the logged in LAM
    administrator for authentication.</para>

    <para><emphasis role="bold">LDAP directory:</emphasis></para>

    <para>LAM connects to your LDAP server via standard LDAP protocol. It also
    supports encrypted connections with SSL and TLS.</para>
  </preface>

  <chapter id="a_installation">
    <title>Installation</title>

    <section id="a_install">
      <title>New installation</title>

      <section>
        <title>Requirements</title>

        <para>LAM has the following requirements to run:</para>

        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>Apache webserver (SSL recommended) with PHP module (PHP 5
            (&gt;= 5.2.4) with ldap, gettext, xml and optional mcrypt)</para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>Some LAM plugins may require additional PHP extensions (you
            will get a note on the login page if something is missing)</para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>Perl (optional, needed only for lamdaemon)</para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>OpenLDAP (&gt;2.0)</para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>A recent web browser that supports CSS2 and JavaScript, at
            minimum:</para>

            <para><itemizedlist>
                <listitem>
                  <para>Firefox 3</para>
                </listitem>

                <listitem>
                  <para>Internet Explorer 8 <emphasis
                  role="bold">(compatibility mode turned
                  off)</emphasis></para>
                </listitem>

                <listitem>
                  <para>Opera 10</para>
                </listitem>
              </itemizedlist></para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>

        <para>MCrypt will be used to store your LDAP password encrypted in the
        session file.</para>

        <para>See <link linkend="a_schema">LDAP schema fles</link> for
        information about used LDAP schema files.</para>
      </section>

      <section>
        <title>Prepackaged releases</title>

        <para>LAM is available as prepackaged version for various
        platforms.</para>

        <section>
          <title>Debian</title>

          <informaltable frame="none" tabstyle="noborder">
            <tgroup cols="2">
              <tbody>
                <row>
                  <entry><inlinemediaobject>
                      <imageobject>
                        <imagedata fileref="images/debian.png" />
                      </imageobject>
                    </inlinemediaobject></entry>

                  <entry>LAM is part of the official Debian repository. New
                  releases are uploaded to unstable and will be available
                  automatically in testing and the stable releases. You can
                  run<literal> </literal><para><emphasis role="bold">apt-get
                  install ldap-account-manager</emphasis></para>to install LAM
                  on your server. Additionally, you may download the latest
                  LAM Debian packages from the <ulink type=""
                  url="http://www.ldap-account-manager.org/">LAM
                  homepage</ulink> or the <ulink
                  url="http://packages.debian.org/search?keywords=ldap-account-manager">Debian
                  package homepage</ulink>.<para><emphasis
                  role="bold">Installation of the latest packages on Debian
                  Squeeze</emphasis></para><orderedlist>
                      <listitem>
                        <para>Install php-fpdf 1.7.dfsg-1 from here:</para>

                        <para><ulink
                        url="http://packages.debian.org/wheezy/all/php-fpdf/download">http://packages.debian.org/wheezy/all/php-fpdf/download</ulink></para>
                      </listitem>

                      <listitem>
                        <para>Install the LAM package</para>

                        <para>dpkg -i ldap-account-manager_*.deb</para>
                      </listitem>

                      <listitem>
                        <para>Install the lamdaemon package (optional)</para>

                        <para>dpkg -i
                        ldap-account-manager-lamdaemon_*.deb</para>
                      </listitem>
                    </orderedlist></entry>
                </row>
              </tbody>
            </tgroup>
          </informaltable>
        </section>

        <section>
          <title>Suse/Fedora</title>

          <informaltable frame="none">
            <tgroup cols="2">
              <tbody>
                <row>
                  <entry><inlinemediaobject>
                      <imageobject>
                        <imagedata fileref="images/suse.png" />
                      </imageobject>
                    </inlinemediaobject><para></para><inlinemediaobject>
                      <imageobject>
                        <imagedata fileref="images/fedora.png" />
                      </imageobject>
                    </inlinemediaobject></entry>

                  <entry>There are RPM packages available on the <ulink
                  type="" url="http://www.ldap-account-manager.org/">LAM
                  homepage</ulink>. The packages can be installed with these
                  commands:<para><emphasis role="bold">rpm -e
                  ldap-account-manager
                  ldap-account-manager-lamdaemon</emphasis> (if an older
                  version is installed)</para><para><emphasis role="bold">rpm
                  -i &lt;path to LAM package&gt;</emphasis></para></entry>
                </row>
              </tbody>
            </tgroup>
          </informaltable>
        </section>

        <section>
          <title>Other RPM based distributions</title>

          <para>The RPM packages for Suse/Fedora are very generic and should
          be installable on other RPM-based distributions, too. The Fedora
          packages use apache:apache as file owner and the Suse ones use
          wwwrun:www.</para>
        </section>

        <section>
          <title>FreeBSD</title>

          <informaltable frame="none">
            <tgroup cols="2">
              <tbody>
                <row>
                  <entry><inlinemediaobject>
                      <imageobject>
                        <imagedata fileref="images/freebsd.png" />
                      </imageobject>
                    </inlinemediaobject></entry>

                  <entry>LAM is part of the official FreeBSD ports tree. For
                  more details see these pages:<para>FreeBSD-CVS: <ulink
                  url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/cvsweb.cgi/ports/sysutils/ldap-account-manager">http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/cvsweb.cgi/ports/sysutils/ldap-account-manager</ulink></para><para>FreshPorts:
                  <ulink
                  url="http://www.freshports.org/sysutils/ldap-account-manager">http://www.freshports.org/sysutils/ldap-account-manager</ulink></para></entry>
                </row>
              </tbody>
            </tgroup>
          </informaltable>
        </section>
      </section>

      <section>
        <title>Installing the tar.gz</title>

        <section>
          <title>Extract the archive</title>

          <para>Please extract the archive with the following command:</para>

          <para>tar xzf ldap-account-manager-&lt;version&gt;.tar.gz</para>
        </section>

        <section>
          <title>Install the files</title>

          <section>
            <title>Manual copy</title>

            <para>Copy the files into the html-file scope of the web server.
            For example /apache/htdocs.</para>

            <para>Then set the appropriate file permissions:</para>

            <itemizedlist>
              <listitem>
                <para>lam/sess: write permission for apache user</para>
              </listitem>

              <listitem>
                <para>lam/tmp: write permission for apache user</para>
              </listitem>

              <listitem>
                <para>lam/config (with subdirectories): write permission for
                apache user</para>
              </listitem>

              <listitem>
                <para>lam/lib: lamdaemon.pl must be set executable</para>
              </listitem>
            </itemizedlist>
          </section>

          <section>
            <title>With configure script</title>

            <para>Instead of manually copying files you can also use the
            included configure script to install LAM. Just run these commands
            in the extracted directory:</para>

            <itemizedlist>
              <listitem>
                <para>./configure</para>
              </listitem>

              <listitem>
                <para>make install</para>
              </listitem>
            </itemizedlist>

            <para>Options for "./configure":</para>

            <itemizedlist>
              <listitem>
                <para>--with-httpd-user=USER USER is the name of your Apache
                user account (default httpd)</para>
              </listitem>

              <listitem>
                <para>--with-httpd-group=GROUP GROUP is the name of your
                Apache group (default httpd)</para>
              </listitem>

              <listitem>
                <para>--with-web-root=DIRECTORY DIRECTORY is the name where
                LAM should be installed (default /usr/local/lam)</para>
              </listitem>
            </itemizedlist>
          </section>
        </section>

        <section>
          <title>Configuration files</title>

          <para>Copy config/config.cfg_sample to config/config.cfg and
          config/lam.conf_sample to config/lam.conf. Open the index.html in
          your web browser:</para>

          <itemizedlist>
            <listitem>
              <para>Follow the link "LAM configuration" from the start page to
              <link linkend="a_configuration">configure LAM</link>.</para>
            </listitem>

            <listitem>
              <para>Select "Edit general settings" to setup global settings
              and to change the <link linkend="a_configPasswords">master
              configuration password</link> (default is "lam").</para>
            </listitem>

            <listitem>
              <para>Select "Edit server profiles" to setup your server
              profiles. There should be the lam profile which you just copied
              from the sample file. The default password is "lam". Now change
              the settings to fit for your environment.</para>
            </listitem>
          </itemizedlist>
        </section>
      </section>

      <section>
        <title>System configuration</title>

        <section>
          <title>PHP</title>

          <para>LAM runs with PHP5 (&gt;= 5.2.4). Needed changes in your
          php.ini:</para>

          <para>memory_limit = 64M</para>

          <para>If you run PHP with activated <ulink
          url="http://www.hardened-php.net/suhosin/index.html">Suhosin</ulink>
          extension please check your logs for alerts. E.g. LAM requires that
          "suhosin.post.max_name_length" and
          "suhosin.request.max_varname_length" are increased (e.g. to
          256).</para>
        </section>

        <section>
          <title>Locales for non-English translation</title>

          <para>If you want to use a translated version of LAM be sure to
          install the needed locales. The following table shows the needed
          locales for the different languages.</para>

          <table>
            <title>Locales</title>

            <tgroup cols="2">
              <tbody>
                <row>
                  <entry><emphasis role="bold">Language</emphasis></entry>

                  <entry><emphasis role="bold">Locale</emphasis></entry>
                </row>

                <row>
                  <entry>Catalan</entry>

                  <entry>ca_ES.utf8</entry>
                </row>

                <row>
                  <entry>Chinese (Simplified)</entry>

                  <entry>zh_CN.utf8</entry>
                </row>

                <row>
                  <entry>Chinese (Traditional)</entry>

                  <entry>zh_TW.utf8</entry>
                </row>

                <row>
                  <entry>Czech</entry>

                  <entry>cs_CZ.utf8</entry>
                </row>

                <row>
                  <entry>Dutch</entry>

                  <entry>nl_NL.utf8</entry>
                </row>

                <row>
                  <entry>English</entry>

                  <entry>no extra locale needed</entry>
                </row>

                <row>
                  <entry>French</entry>

                  <entry>fr_FR.utf8</entry>
                </row>

                <row>
                  <entry>German</entry>

                  <entry>de_DE.utf8</entry>
                </row>

                <row>
                  <entry>Hungarian</entry>

                  <entry>hu_HU.utf8</entry>
                </row>

                <row>
                  <entry>Italian</entry>

                  <entry>it_IT.utf8</entry>
                </row>

                <row>
                  <entry>Japanese</entry>

                  <entry>ja_JP.utf8</entry>
                </row>

                <row>
                  <entry>Polish</entry>

                  <entry>pl_PL.utf8</entry>
                </row>

                <row>
                  <entry>Portuguese</entry>

                  <entry>pt_BR.utf8</entry>
                </row>

                <row>
                  <entry>Russian</entry>

                  <entry>ru_RU.utf8</entry>
                </row>

                <row>
                  <entry>Slovakian</entry>

                  <entry>sk_SK.utf8</entry>
                </row>

                <row>
                  <entry>Spanish</entry>

                  <entry>es_ES.utf8</entry>
                </row>
              </tbody>
            </tgroup>
          </table>

          <para>You can get a list of all installed locales on your system by
          executing:</para>

          <para>locale -a</para>

          <para>Debian users can add locales with "dpkg-reconfigure
          locales".</para>
        </section>
      </section>
    </section>

    <section>
      <title>Upgrading LAM or migrate from LAM to LAM Pro</title>

      <section>
        <title>Migrating configuration files</title>

        <para>First, you need to make a backup of your existing configuration
        files.</para>

        <para>LAM stores all configuration files in the "config" folder.
        Please backup the following files and copy them after the new version
        is installed.</para>

        <simplelist>
          <member>config/*.conf</member>

          <member>config/config.cfg</member>

          <member>config/pdf/*.xml</member>

          <member>config/profiles/*</member>
        </simplelist>

        <para>LAM Pro only:</para>

        <simplelist>
          <member>config/selfService/*.*</member>
        </simplelist>

        <para>Second, <link linkend="a_uninstall">uninstall</link> your
        current LAM (Pro) installation.</para>

        <para>Third, <link linkend="a_install">install</link> the new LAM
        (Pro) release. Skip the part about setting up LAM configuration
        files.</para>

        <para>Finally, restore your configuration files from the backup. Copy
        all files from the backup folder to the config folder in your LAM Pro
        installation. Do not simply replace the folder because the new LAM
        (Pro) release might include additional files in this folder. Overwrite
        any existing files with your backup files.</para>

        <para>Now open your webbrowser and point it to the LAM login page. All
        your settings should be migrated.</para>

        <para>Please check also the <link linkend="a_versUpgrade">version
        specific instructions</link>. They might include additional
        actions.</para>
      </section>

      <section id="a_versUpgrade">
        <title>Version specific upgrade instructions</title>

        <section>
          <title>3.6 -&gt; 3.7</title>

          <para>Asterisk extensions: The extension entries are now grouped by
          extension name and account context. LAM will automatically assign
          priorities and set same owners for all entries.</para>
        </section>

        <section>
          <title>3.5.0 -&gt; 3.6</title>

          <para><emphasis role="bold">Debian users:</emphasis> LAM 3.6
          requires to install FPDF 1.7. You can download the package <ulink
          url="http://packages.debian.org/search?keywords=php-fpdf&amp;searchon=names&amp;suite=all&amp;section=all">here</ulink>.
          If you use Debian Stable (Squeeze) please use the package from
          Testing (Wheezy).</para>
        </section>

        <section>
          <title>3.4.0 -&gt; 3.5.0</title>

          <para><emphasis role="bold">LAM Pro:</emphasis> The global
          config/passwordMailTemplate.txt is no longer supported. You can
          setup the mail settings now for each LAM server profile which
          provides more flexibility.</para>

          <para><emphasis role="bold">Suse/Fedora RPM
          installations:</emphasis> LAM is now installed to
          /usr/share/ldap-account-manager and
          /var/lib/ldap-account-manager.</para>

          <para>Please note that configuration files are not migrated
          automatically. Please move the files from /srv/www/htdocs/lam/config
          (Suse) or /var/www/html/lam/config (Fedora) to
          /var/lib/ldap-account-manager/config.</para>
        </section>

        <section>
          <title>3.3.0 -&gt; 3.4.0</title>

          <para>No changes.</para>
        </section>

        <section>
          <title>3.2.0 -&gt; 3.3.0</title>

          <para>If you use custom images for the PDF export then these images
          need to be 5 times bigger than before (e.g. 250x250px instead of
          50x50px). This allows to use images with higher resolution.</para>
        </section>

        <section>
          <title>3.1.0 -&gt; 3.2.0</title>

          <para>No changes.</para>
        </section>

        <section>
          <title>3.0.0 -&gt; 3.1.0</title>

          <para>LAM supported to set a list of valid workstations on the
          "Personal" page. This required to change the LDAP schema. Since
          3.1.0 this is replaced by the new "Hosts" module for users.</para>

          <para>Lamdaemon: The sudo entry needs to be changed to
          ".../lamdaemon.pl *".</para>
        </section>

        <section>
          <title>2.3.0 -&gt; 3.0.0</title>

          <para>No changes.</para>
        </section>

        <section>
          <title>2.2.0 -&gt; 2.3.0</title>

          <para><emphasis role="bold">LAM Pro:</emphasis> There is now a
          separate account type for group of (unique) names. Please edit your
          server profiles to activate the new account type.</para>
        </section>

        <section>
          <title>1.1.0 -&gt; 2.2.0</title>

          <para>No changes.</para>
        </section>
      </section>
    </section>

    <section id="a_uninstall">
      <title>Uninstalltion of LAM (Pro)</title>

      <para>If you used the prepackaged installation packages then remove the
      ldap-account-manager and ldap-account-manager-lamdaemon packages.</para>

      <para>Otherwise, remove the folder where you installed LAM via configure
      or by copying the files.</para>
    </section>
  </chapter>

  <chapter id="a_configuration">
    <title>Configuration</title>

    <para>After you <link linkend="a_installation">installed</link> LAM you
    can configure it to fit your needs. The complete configuration can be done
    inside the application. There is no need to edit configuration
    files.</para>

    <para>Please point you browser to the location where you installed LAM.
    E.g. for Debian/RPM this is http://yourServer/lam. If you installed LAM
    via the tar.gz then this may vary. You should see the following
    page:</para>

    <screenshot>
      <mediaobject>
        <imageobject>
          <imagedata fileref="images/login.png" />
        </imageobject>
      </mediaobject>
    </screenshot>

    <para>If you see an error message then you might need to install an
    additional PHP extension. Please follow the instructions and reload the
    page afterwards.</para>

    <para>Now you are ready to configure LAM. Click on the "LAM configuration"
    link to proceed.</para>

    <screenshot>
      <mediaobject>
        <imageobject>
          <imagedata fileref="images/configOverview.png" />
        </imageobject>
      </mediaobject>
    </screenshot>

    <para>Here you can change LAM's general settings, setup server profiles
    for your LDAP server(s) and configure the <link
    linkend="a_selfService">self service</link> (LAM Pro). You should start
    with the general settings and then setup a server profile.</para>

    <section>
      <title>General settings</title>

      <para>After selecting "Edit general settings" you will need to enter the
      <link linkend="a_configPasswords">master configuration password</link>.
      The default password for new installations is "lam". Now you can edit
      the general settings.</para>

      <section>
        <title>Security settings</title>

        <para>Here you can set a time period after which inactive sessions are
        automatically invalidated. The selected value represents minutes of
        inactivity.</para>

        <para>You may also set a list of IP addresses which are allowed to
        access LAM. The IPs can be specified as full IP (e.g. 123.123.123.123)
        or with the "*" wildcard (e.g. 123.123.123.*). Users which try to
        access LAM via an untrusted IP only get blank pages.</para>

        <screenshot>
          <mediaobject>
            <imageobject>
              <imagedata fileref="images/configGeneral1.png" />
            </imageobject>
          </mediaobject>
        </screenshot>
      </section>

      <section>
        <title>Password policy</title>

        <para>This allows you to specify a central password policy for LAM.
        The policy is valid for all password fields inside LAM admin
        (excluding tree view) and LAM self service. Configuration passwords do
        not need to follow this policy.</para>

        <screenshot>
          <mediaobject>
            <imageobject>
              <imagedata fileref="images/configGeneral2.png" />
            </imageobject>
          </mediaobject>
        </screenshot>

        <para>You can set the minimum password length and also the complexity
        of the passwords.</para>
      </section>

      <section>
        <title>Logging</title>

        <para>LAM can log events (e.g. user logins). You can use system
        logging (syslog for Unix, event viewer for Windows) or log to a
        separate file. Please note that LAM may log sensitive data (e.g.
        passwords) at log level "Debug". Production system should be set to
        "Warning" or "Error".</para>

        <screenshot>
          <mediaobject>
            <imageobject>
              <imagedata fileref="images/configGeneral3.png" />
            </imageobject>
          </mediaobject>
        </screenshot>
      </section>

      <section>
        <title>Change master password</title>

        <para>If you would like to change the master configuration password
        then enter a new password here.</para>
      </section>
    </section>

    <section>
      <title>Server profiles</title>

      <para>The server profiles store information about your LDAP server (e.g.
      host name) and what kind of accounts (e.g. users and groups) you would
      like to manage. There is no limit on the number of server profiles. See
      the <link linkend="confTypicalScenarios">typical scenarios</link> about
      how to structure your server profiles.</para>

      <section>
        <title>Manage server profiles</title>

        <para>Select "Manage server profiles" to open the profile management
        page.</para>

        <screenshot>
          <mediaobject>
            <imageobject>
              <imagedata fileref="images/configProfiles1.png" />
            </imageobject>
          </mediaobject>
        </screenshot>

        <para>Here you can create, rename and delete server profiles. The
        <link linkend="a_configPasswords">passwords</link> of your server
        profiles can also be reset.</para>

        <para>You may also specify the default server profile. This is the
        server profile which is preselected at the login page. It also
        specifies the language of the login and configuration pages.</para>

        <screenshot>
          <mediaobject>
            <imageobject>
              <imagedata fileref="images/configProfiles2.png" />
            </imageobject>
          </mediaobject>
        </screenshot>

        <para>You can create a new server profile by simply entering its name
        and password. After you created a new profile you can go back to the
        profile login and edit your new server profile.</para>

        <para>All operations on the profile management page require that you
        authenticate yourself with the <link
        linkend="a_configPasswords">configuration master
        password</link>.</para>
      </section>

      <section>
        <title>Editing a server profile</title>

        <para>Please select you server profile and enter its password to edit
        a server profile.</para>

        <screenshot>
          <mediaobject>
            <imageobject>
              <imagedata fileref="images/configProfiles3.png" />
            </imageobject>
          </mediaobject>
        </screenshot>

        <para>Each server profile contains the following information:</para>

        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para><emphasis role="bold">General settings:</emphasis> general
            settings about your LDAP server (e.g. host name and security
            settings)</para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para><emphasis role="bold">Account types:</emphasis> list of
            account types (e.g. users and groups) that you would like to
            manage and type specific settings (e.g. LDAP suffix)</para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para><emphasis role="bold">Modules:</emphasis> list of modules
            which define what account aspects (e.g. Unix, Samba, Kolab) you
            would like to manage</para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para><emphasis role="bold">Module settings:</emphasis> settings
            which are specific for the selected account modules on the page
            before</para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>

        <section>
          <title>General settings</title>

          <para>Here you can specify the LDAP server and some security
          settings.</para>

          <screenshot>
            <mediaobject>
              <imageobject>
                <imagedata fileref="images/configProfiles4.png" />
              </imageobject>
            </mediaobject>
          </screenshot>

          <para>The server address of your LDAP server can be a DNS name or an
          IP address. Use ldap:// for unencrypted LDAP connections or TLS
          encrypted connections. LDAP+SSL (LDAPS) encrypted connections are
          specified with ldaps://. The port value is optional. TLS cannot be
          combined with ldaps://.</para>

          <para>LAM includes an LDAP browser which allows direct modification
          of LDAP entries. If you would like to use it then enter the LDAP
          suffix at "Tree suffix".</para>

          <para>The search limit is used to reduce the number of search
          results which are returned by your LDAP server.</para>

          <para>The access level specifies if LAM should allow to modify LDAP
          entries. This feature is only available in LAM Pro. LAM non-Pro
          releases use write access. See <link
          linkend="a_accessLevelPasswordReset">this page</link> for details on
          the different access levels.</para>

          <screenshot>
            <mediaobject>
              <imageobject>
                <imagedata fileref="images/configProfiles5.png" />
              </imageobject>
            </mediaobject>
          </screenshot>

          <para>LAM is translated to many different languages. Here you can
          select the default language for this server profile. The language
          setting may be overriden at the LAM login page.</para>

          <screenshot>
            <mediaobject>
              <imageobject>
                <imagedata fileref="images/configProfiles6.png" />
              </imageobject>
            </mediaobject>
          </screenshot>

          <para>LAM can manage user home directories and quotas with an
          external script. You can specify the home directory server and where
          the script is located. The default rights for new home directories
          can be set, too.</para>

          <screenshot>
            <mediaobject>
              <imageobject>
                <imagedata fileref="images/configProfiles8.png" />
              </imageobject>
            </mediaobject>
          </screenshot>

          <para>LAM supports two methods for login. The first one is to
          specify a fixed list of LDAP DNs that are allowed to login. Please
          enter one DN per line.</para>

          <para>The second one is to let LAM search for the DN in your
          directory. E.g. if a user logs in with the user name "joe" then LAM
          will do an LDAP search for this user name. When it finds a matching
          DN then it will use this to authenticate the user. The wildcard
          "%USER%" will be replaced by "joe" in this example. This way you can
          provide login by user name, email address or other LDAP
          attributes.</para>

          <para>Additionally, you can enable HTTP authentication when using
          "LDAP search". This way the web server is responsible to
          authenticate your users. LAM will use the given user name + password
          for the LDAP login. You can also configure this to setup advanced
          login restrictions (e.g. require group memberships for login). To
          setup HTTP authentication in Apache please see this <ulink
          url="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/howto/auth.html">link</ulink>
          and an example for LDAP authentication <link
          linkend="apache_http_auth">here</link>.</para>

          <screenshot>
            <mediaobject>
              <imageobject>
                <imagedata fileref="images/configProfiles7.png" />
              </imageobject>
            </mediaobject>
          </screenshot>

          <para>You may also change the password of this server profile.
          Please just enter the new password in both password fields.</para>
        </section>

        <section>
          <title>Account types</title>

          <para>LAM supports to manage various types of LDAP entries (e.g.
          users, groups, DHCP entries, ...). On this page you can select which
          types of entries you want to manage with LAM.</para>

          <screenshot>
            <mediaobject>
              <imageobject>
                <imagedata fileref="images/configTypes1.png" />
              </imageobject>
            </mediaobject>
          </screenshot>

          <para>The section at the top shows a list of possible types. You can
          activate them by simply clicking on the plus sign next to it.</para>

          <para>Each account type has the following options:</para>

          <itemizedlist>
            <listitem>
              <para><emphasis role="bold">LDAP suffix:</emphasis> the LDAP
              suffix where entries of this type should be managed</para>
            </listitem>

            <listitem>
              <para><emphasis role="bold">List attributes:</emphasis> a list
              of attributes which are shown in the account lists</para>
            </listitem>
          </itemizedlist>

          <screenshot>
            <mediaobject>
              <imageobject>
                <imagedata fileref="images/configTypes2.png" />
              </imageobject>
            </mediaobject>
          </screenshot>

          <para>On the next page you can specify in detail what extensions
          should be enabled for each account type.</para>
        </section>

        <section>
          <title>Modules</title>

          <para>The modules specify the active extensions for each account
          type. E.g. here you can setup if your user entries should be address
          book entries only or also support Unix or Samba.</para>

          <screenshot>
            <mediaobject>
              <imageobject>
                <imagedata fileref="images/configModules1.png" />
              </imageobject>
            </mediaobject>
          </screenshot>

          <para>Each account type needs a so called "base module". This is the
          basement for all LDAP entries of this type. Usually, it provides the
          structural object class for the LDAP entries. There must be exactly
          one active base module for each account type.</para>

          <para>Furthermore, there may be any number of additional active
          account modules. E.g. you may select "Personal" as base module and
          Unix + Samba as additional modules.</para>
        </section>

        <section>
          <title>Module settings</title>

          <para>Depending on the activated account modules there may be
          additional configuration options available. They can be found on the
          "Module settings" tab. E.g. the Personal account module allows to
          hide several input fields and the Unix module requires to specify
          ranges for UID numbers.</para>

          <screenshot>
            <mediaobject>
              <imageobject>
                <imagedata fileref="images/configSettings1.png" />
              </imageobject>
            </mediaobject>
          </screenshot>
        </section>
      </section>

      <section id="confTypicalScenarios">
        <title>Typical scenarios</title>

        <para>This is a list of typical scenarios how your LDAP environment
        may look like and how to structure the server profiles for it.</para>

        <section>
          <title>Simple: One LDAP directory managed by a small group of
          admins</title>

          <para>This is the easiest and most common scenario. You want to
          manage a single LDAP server and there is only one or a few admins.
          In this case just create one server profile and you are done. The
          admins may be either specified as a fixed list or by using an LDAP
          search at login time.</para>

          <screenshot>
            <mediaobject>
              <imageobject>
                <imagedata fileref="images/LDAPStructuresSimple.png" />
              </imageobject>
            </mediaobject>
          </screenshot>
        </section>

        <section>
          <title>Advanced: One LDAP server which is managed by different admin
          groups</title>

          <para>Large organisations may have one big LDAP directory for all
          user/group accounts. But the users are managed by different groups
          of admins (e.g. departments, locations, subsidiaries, ...). The
          users are typically divided into organisational units in the LDAP
          tree. Admins may only manage the users in their part of the
          tree.</para>

          <screenshot>
            <mediaobject>
              <imageobject>
                <imagedata fileref="images/LDAPStructuresAdvanced.png" />
              </imageobject>
            </mediaobject>
          </screenshot>

          <para>In this situation it is recommended to create one server
          profile for each admin group (e.g. department). Setup the LDAP
          suffixes in the server profiles to point to the needed
          organisational units. E.g. use
          ou=people,ou=department1,dc=company,dc=com or
          ou=department1,ou=people,dc=company,dc=com as LDAP suffix for users.
          Do the same for groups, hosts, ... This way each admin group will
          only see its own users. You may want to use LDAP search for the LAM
          login in this scenario. This will prevent that you need to update a
          server profile if the number of admins changes.</para>

          <para><emphasis role="bold">Attention:</emphasis> LAM's feature to
          automatically find free UIDs/GIDs for new users/groups will not work
          in this case. LAM uses the user/group suffix to search for already
          assigned UIDs/GIDs. As an alternative you can specify different
          UID/GID ranges for each department. Then the UIDs/GIDs will stay
          unique for the whole directory.</para>
        </section>

        <section>
          <title>Multiple LDAP servers</title>

          <para>You can manage as many LDAP servers with LAM as you wish. This
          scenario is similar to the advanced scenario above. Just create one
          server profile for each LDAP server.</para>

          <screenshot>
            <mediaobject>
              <imageobject>
                <imagedata fileref="images/LDAPStructuresMultiServer.png" />
              </imageobject>
            </mediaobject>
          </screenshot>
        </section>

        <section>
          <title>Single LDAP directory with lots of users (&gt;10 000)</title>

          <para>LAM was tested to work with 10 000 users. If you have a lot
          more users then you have basically two options.</para>

          <itemizedlist>
            <listitem>
              <para>Divide your LDAP tree in organisational units: This is
              usually the best performing option. Put your accounts in several
              organisational units and setup LAM as in the advanced scenario
              above.</para>
            </listitem>

            <listitem>
              <para>Increase memory limit: Increase the memory_limit parameter
              in your php.ini. This will allow LAM to read more entries. But
              this will slow down the response times of LAM.</para>
            </listitem>
          </itemizedlist>
        </section>
      </section>
    </section>
  </chapter>

  <chapter>
    <title>Managing entries in your LDAP directory</title>

    <para>This chapter will give you instructions how to manage the different
    LDAP entries in your directory.</para>

    <para>Please note that not all account types are manageable with the free
    LAM release. LAM Pro provides some more account types and modules to
    support additional LDAP object classes.</para>

    <para><emphasis role="bold">Additional types:</emphasis></para>

    <itemizedlist>
      <listitem>
        <para>Group of names</para>
      </listitem>

      <listitem>
        <para>Aliases</para>
      </listitem>

      <listitem>
        <para>NIS objects</para>
      </listitem>

      <listitem>
        <para>Sudo roles</para>
      </listitem>
    </itemizedlist>

    <para><emphasis role="bold">Additional modules:</emphasis></para>

    <itemizedlist>
      <listitem>
        <para>Group of names (groupOfNames)</para>
      </listitem>

      <listitem>
        <para>Group of unique names (groupOfUniqueNames)</para>
      </listitem>

      <listitem>
        <para>Unix (rfc2307bisPosixGroup)</para>
      </listitem>

      <listitem>
        <para>Alias (aliasEntry)</para>
      </listitem>

      <listitem>
        <para>User name (uidObject)</para>
      </listitem>

      <listitem>
        <para>NIS object (nisObject)</para>
      </listitem>

      <listitem>
        <para>Custom scripts (customScripts)</para>
      </listitem>

      <listitem>
        <para>Sudo role (sudoRole)</para>
      </listitem>
    </itemizedlist>

    <para><emphasis role="bold">Basic page layout:</emphasis></para>

    <para>After the login LAM will present you its main page. It consists of a
    header part which is equal for all pages and the content area which covers
    most the of the page.</para>

    <para>The header part includes the links to manage all account types (e.g.
    users and groups) and open the tree view (LDAP browser). There is also the
    logout link and a tools entry.</para>

    <para>When you login the you will see an account listing in the content
    area.</para>

    <screenshot>
      <mediaobject>
        <imageobject>
          <imagedata fileref="images/mainpage.png" />
        </imageobject>
      </mediaobject>
    </screenshot>

    <para>Here you can create, delete and modify accounts. Use the action
    buttons at the left or double click on an entry to edit it.</para>

    <para>The suffix selection box allows you to list only the accounts which
    are located in a subtree of your LDAP directory.</para>

    <screenshot>
      <mediaobject>
        <imageobject>
          <imagedata fileref="images/listConfig.png" />
        </imageobject>
      </mediaobject>
    </screenshot>

    <para>You can change the number of shown entries per page with "Change
    settings". Depending on the account type there may be additional settings.
    E.g. the user list can convert group numbers to group names.</para>

    <para>When you select to edit an entry then LAM will show all its data on
    a tabbed view. There is one tab for each functional part of the account.
    You can set default values by loading an <link
    linkend="a_accountProfile">account profile</link>.</para>

    <screenshot>
      <mediaobject>
        <imageobject>
          <imagedata fileref="images/editView.png" />
        </imageobject>
      </mediaobject>
    </screenshot>

    <section>
      <title>Users</title>

      <para>LAM manages various types of user accounts. This includes address
      book entries, Unix, Samba, Zarafa and much more.</para>

      <literallayout>
</literallayout>

      <para><emphasis role="bold">Account list settings:</emphasis></para>

      <para>The user list includes two special options to change how your
      users are displayed.</para>

      <screenshot>
        <mediaobject>
          <imageobject>
            <imagedata fileref="images/userListOptions.png" />
          </imageobject>
        </mediaobject>
      </screenshot>

      <para><emphasis>Translate GID number to group name:</emphasis> By
      default the user list can show the primary group IDs (GIDs) of your
      users. There are often cases where it is more suitable to show the group
      name instead. This can be done by activating this option. Please note
      that LAM will execute more LDAP queries which may result in decreased
      performance.</para>

      <screenshot>
        <mediaobject>
          <imageobject>
            <imagedata fileref="images/userListOptionTransPrimary.png" />
          </imageobject>
        </mediaobject>
      </screenshot>

      <para><emphasis>Show account status:</emphasis> If you activate this
      option then there will be an additional column displayed that shows if
      the account is locked. You can see more details when moving the mouse
      cursor over the lock icon. This function supports Unix, Samba and
      PPolicy.</para>

      <screenshot>
        <mediaobject>
          <imageobject>
            <imagedata fileref="images/userListOptionAccountStatus.png" />
          </imageobject>
        </mediaobject>
      </screenshot>

      <literallayout>
</literallayout>

      <para><emphasis role="bold">Quick account (un)locking:</emphasis></para>

      <para>When you edit an user then LAM supports to quickly lock/unlock the
      whole account. This includes Unix, Samba and PPolicy. LAM can also
      remove group memberships if an account is locked.</para>

      <para>You will see the current status of all account parts in the title
      area of the account.</para>

      <screenshot>
        <mediaobject>
          <imageobject>
            <imagedata fileref="images/userAccountStatus1.png" />
          </imageobject>
        </mediaobject>
      </screenshot>

      <para>If you click on the lock icon then a dialog will be opened to
      change these values. Depending on which parts are locked LAM will
      provide options to lock/unlock account parts.</para>

      <screenshot>
        <mediaobject>
          <imageobject>
            <imagedata fileref="images/userAccountStatus2.png" />
          </imageobject>
        </mediaobject>
      </screenshot>

      <screenshot>
        <mediaobject>
          <imageobject>
            <imagedata fileref="images/userAccountStatus3.png" />
          </imageobject>
        </mediaobject>
      </screenshot>

      <section>
        <title>Personal</title>

        <para>This module is the most common basis for user accounts in LAM.
        You can use it stand-alone to manage address book entries or in
        combination with Unix, Samba or other modules.</para>

        <para>The Personal module provides support for managing various
        personal data of your users including mail addresses and telephone
        numbers. You can also add photos of your users. If you do not need to
        manage all attributes then you can deactivate them in your server
        profile.</para>

        <screenshot>
          <mediaobject>
            <imageobject>
              <imagedata fileref="images/mod_personal.png" />
            </imageobject>
          </mediaobject>
        </screenshot>

        <para></para>

        <table>
          <title>LDAP attribute mappings</title>

          <tgroup cols="2">
            <thead>
              <row>
                <entry align="center">Attribute name</entry>

                <entry align="center">Name inside LAM</entry>
              </row>
            </thead>

            <tbody>
              <row>
                <entry>businessCategory</entry>

                <entry>Business category</entry>
              </row>

              <row>
                <entry>carLicense</entry>

                <entry>Car license</entry>
              </row>

              <row>
                <entry>cn/commonName</entry>

                <entry>Common name</entry>
              </row>

              <row>
                <entry>departmentNumber</entry>

                <entry>Department(s)</entry>
              </row>

              <row>
                <entry>description</entry>

                <entry>Description</entry>
              </row>

              <row>
                <entry>employeeNumber</entry>

                <entry>Employee number</entry>
              </row>

              <row>
                <entry>employeeType</entry>

                <entry>Employee type</entry>
              </row>

              <row>
                <entry>facsimileTelephoneNumber/fax</entry>

                <entry>Fax number</entry>
              </row>

              <row>
                <entry>givenName/gn</entry>

                <entry>First name</entry>
              </row>

              <row>
                <entry>homePhone</entry>

                <entry>Home telephone number</entry>
              </row>

              <row>
                <entry>initials</entry>

                <entry>Initials</entry>
              </row>

              <row>
                <entry>jpegPhoto</entry>

                <entry>Photo</entry>
              </row>

              <row>
                <entry>l</entry>

                <entry>Location</entry>
              </row>

              <row>
                <entry>mail/rfc822Mailbox</entry>

                <entry>Email address</entry>
              </row>

              <row>
                <entry>manager</entry>

                <entry>Manager</entry>
              </row>

              <row>
                <entry>mobile/mobileTelephoneNumber</entry>

                <entry>Mobile number</entry>
              </row>

              <row>
                <entry>organizationName/o</entry>

                <entry>Organisation</entry>
              </row>

              <row>
                <entry>physicalDeliveryOfficeName</entry>

                <entry>Office name</entry>
              </row>

              <row>
                <entry>postalAddress</entry>

                <entry>Postal address</entry>
              </row>

              <row>
                <entry>postalCode</entry>

                <entry>Postal code</entry>
              </row>

              <row>
                <entry>postOfficeBox</entry>

                <entry>Post office box</entry>
              </row>

              <row>
                <entry>registeredAddress</entry>

                <entry>Registered address</entry>
              </row>

              <row>
                <entry>roomNumber</entry>

                <entry>Room number</entry>
              </row>

              <row>
                <entry>sn/surname</entry>

                <entry>Last name</entry>
              </row>

              <row>
                <entry>st</entry>

                <entry>State</entry>
              </row>

              <row>
                <entry>street/streetAddress</entry>

                <entry>Street</entry>
              </row>

              <row>
                <entry>telephoneNumber</entry>

                <entry>Telephone number</entry>
              </row>

              <row>
                <entry>title</entry>

                <entry>Job title</entry>
              </row>

              <row>
                <entry>uid/userid</entry>

                <entry>User name</entry>
              </row>

              <row>
                <entry>userPassword</entry>

                <entry>Password</entry>
              </row>
            </tbody>
          </tgroup>
        </table>
      </section>

      <section>
        <title>Unix</title>

        <para>The Unix module manages Unix user accounts including group
        memberships.</para>

        <para></para>

        <screenshot>
          <mediaobject>
            <imageobject>
              <imagedata fileref="images/mod_unixUser.png" />
            </imageobject>
          </mediaobject>
        </screenshot>

        <para>You can also create home directories for your users if you setup
        <link linkend="a_lamdaemon">lamdaemon</link>. This allows you to
        create the directories on the local or remote servers.</para>

        <para>It is also possible to check the status of the user's home
        directories. If needed the directories can be created or removed at
        any time.</para>

        <screenshot>
          <mediaobject>
            <imageobject>
              <imagedata fileref="images/mod_unixUserHomedir.png" />
            </imageobject>
          </mediaobject>
        </screenshot>
      </section>

      <section>
        <title>Group of names (LAM Pro)</title>

        <para>This module manages memberships in group of (unique) names. To
        activate this feature please add the user module "Group of names
        (groupOfNamesUser)" to your LAM server profile.</para>

        <para>Please note that this module cannot be used if the Unix module
        is active. In this case group memberships may be managed with the Unix
        module.</para>

        <para>The module automatically detects if groups are based on
        "groupOfNames" or "groupOfUniqueNames" and sets the correct
        attribute.</para>

        <screenshot>
          <mediaobject>
            <imageobject>
              <imagedata fileref="images/mod_groupOfNamesUser.png" />
            </imageobject>
          </mediaobject>
        </screenshot>
      </section>

      <section>
        <title>Shadow</title>

        <para>LAM supports the management of the LDAP substitution of
        /etc/shadow. Here you can setup password policies for your Unix
        accounts and also view the last password change of a user.</para>

        <screenshot>
          <mediaobject>
            <imageobject>
              <imagedata fileref="images/mod_shadow.png" />
            </imageobject>
          </mediaobject>
        </screenshot>
      </section>

      <section>
        <title>Password self reset (LAM Pro)</title>

        <para>LAM Pro allows your users to reset their passwords by answering
        a security question. The reset link is displayed on the <link
        linkend="PasswordSelfReset">self service page</link>. Additionally,
        you can set question + answer in the admin interface.</para>

        <para><emphasis role="bold">Schema</emphasis></para>

        <para>Please install the schema that comes with LAM Pro:
        docs/schema/passwordSelfReset.schema or
        docs/schema/passwordSelfReset.ldif</para>

        <para>This allows to set a security question + answer for each
        account.</para>

        <para><emphasis role="bold">Activate password self reset
        module</emphasis></para>

        <para>Please activate the password self reset module in your LAM Pro
        server profile.</para>

        <screenshot>
          <mediaobject>
            <imageobject>
              <imagedata fileref="images/passwordSelfReset7.png" />
            </imageobject>
          </mediaobject>
        </screenshot>

        <para>Now select the tab "Module settings" and specify the list of
        possible security questions. Only these questions will be selectable
        when you later edit accounts.</para>

        <screenshot>
          <mediaobject>
            <imageobject>
              <imagedata fileref="images/passwordSelfReset8.png" />
            </imageobject>
          </mediaobject>
        </screenshot>

        <para><emphasis role="bold">Edit users</emphasis></para>

        <para>After everything is setup please login to LAM Pro and edit your
        users. You will see a new tab called "Password self reset". Here you
        can activate/remove the password self reset function for each user.
        You can also change the security question and answer.</para>

        <screenshot>
          <mediaobject>
            <imageobject>
              <imagedata fileref="images/passwordSelfReset9.png" />
            </imageobject>
          </mediaobject>
        </screenshot>
      </section>

      <section>
        <title>Hosts</title>

        <para>You can specify a list of valid host names where the user may
        login. If you add the value "*" then the user may login to any host.
        This can be further restricted by adding explicit deny entries which
        are prefixed with "!" (e.g. "!hr_server").</para>

        <para>Please note that your PAM settings need to support host
        restrictions. This feature is enabled by setting <emphasis
        role="bold">pam_check_host_attr yes</emphasis> in your <emphasis
        role="bold">/etc/pam_ldap.conf</emphasis>. When it is enabled then the
        account facility of pam_ldap will perform the checks and return an
        error when no proper host attribute is present. Please note that users
        without host attribute cannot login to such a configured
        server.</para>

        <screenshot>
          <mediaobject>
            <imageobject>
              <imagedata fileref="images/hostObject.png" />
            </imageobject>
          </mediaobject>
        </screenshot>
      </section>

      <section>
        <title>Samba 3</title>

        <para>LAM supports full Samba 3 user management including logon hours
        and terminal server options.</para>

        <screenshot>
          <mediaobject>
            <imageobject>
              <imagedata fileref="images/mod_samba3User1.png" />
            </imageobject>
          </mediaobject>
        </screenshot>

        <screenshot>
          <mediaobject>
            <imageobject>
              <imagedata fileref="images/mod_samba3User2.png" />
            </imageobject>
          </mediaobject>
        </screenshot>

        <screenshot>
          <mediaobject>
            <imageobject>
              <imagedata fileref="images/mod_samba3User3.png" />
            </imageobject>
          </mediaobject>
        </screenshot>
      </section>

      <section>
        <title>Filesystem quota (lamdaemon)</title>

        <para>You can manage file system quotas with LAM. This requires to
        setup <link linkend="a_lamdaemon">lamdaemon</link>. LAM connects to
        your server via SSH and manages the disk filesystem quotas. The quotas
        are stored directly on the filesystem. This is the default mechanism
        to store quotas for most systems.</para>

        <para>Please add the module "Quota (quota)" for users to your LAM
        server profile to enable this feature.</para>

        <para>If you store the quota information directly inside LDAP please
        see the next section.</para>

        <screenshot>
          <mediaobject>
            <imageobject>
              <imagedata fileref="images/mod_quotaUser.png" />
            </imageobject>
          </mediaobject>
        </screenshot>
      </section>

      <section>
        <title>Filesystem quota (LDAP)</title>

        <para>You can store your filesystem quotas directly in LDAP. See
        <ulink url="http://sourceforge.net/projects/linuxquota/">Linux
        DiskQuota</ulink> for details since it requires quota tools that
        support LDAP. You will need to install the quota LDAP schema to manage
        the object class "systemQuotas".</para>

        <para>Please add the module "Quota (systemQuotas)" for users to your
        LAM server profile to enable this feature.</para>

        <para>If you store the quota information on the filesystem please see
        the previous section.</para>

        <screenshot>
          <mediaobject>
            <imageobject>
              <imagedata fileref="images/mod_systemQuotas.png" />
            </imageobject>
          </mediaobject>
        </screenshot>
      </section>

      <section>
        <title>Kolab</title>

        <para>This module supports to manage Kolab accounts with LAM. E.g. you
        can set the user's mail quota and define invitation policies.</para>

        <para>Please enter an email address at the Personal page and set a
        Unix password first. Both are required that Kolab accepts the
        accounts.</para>

        <para>Kolab users should not be directly deleted with LAM. You can
        mark an account for deletion which then is done by the Kolab server
        itself. This makes sure that the mailbox etc. is also deleted.</para>

        <screenshot>
          <mediaobject>
            <imageobject>
              <imagedata fileref="images/mod_kolab.png" />
            </imageobject>
          </mediaobject>
        </screenshot>
      </section>

      <section>
        <title>Asterisk</title>

        <para>LAM supports Asterisk accounts, too. See the <link
        linkend="type_asterisk">Asterisk</link> section for details.</para>
      </section>

      <section>
        <title>EDU person</title>

        <para>EDU person accounts are mainly used in university networks. You
        can specify the principal name, nick names and much more.</para>

        <screenshot>
          <mediaobject>
            <imageobject>
              <imagedata fileref="images/mod_eduPerson.png" />
            </imageobject>
          </mediaobject>
        </screenshot>
      </section>

      <section>
        <title>Password policy (LAM Pro)</title>

        <para>OpenLDAP supports the <ulink
        url="http://linux.die.net/man/5/slapo-ppolicy">ppolicy</ulink> overlay
        to manage password policies for LDAP entries. LAM Pro supports <link
        linkend="a_ppolicy">managing the policies</link> and assigning them to
        user accounts.</para>

        <para>Please add the account type "Password policies" to your LAM
        server profile and activate the "Password policy" module for the user
        type.</para>

        <screenshot>
          <mediaobject>
            <imageobject>
              <imagedata fileref="images/ppolicyUser.png" />
            </imageobject>
          </mediaobject>
        </screenshot>

        <para>You can assign any password policy which is found in the LDAP
        suffix of the "Password policies" type. When you set the policy to
        "default" then OpenLDAP will use the default policy as defined in your
        slapd.conf file.</para>
      </section>

      <section>
        <title>FreeRadius</title>

        <para>FreeRadius is a software that implements the RADIUS
        authentication protocol. LAM allows you to mange several of the
        FreeRadius attributes.</para>

        <para>To activate the FreeRadius plugin please activate the FreeRadius
        user module in your server profile:</para>

        <screenshot>
          <mediaobject>
            <imageobject>
              <imagedata fileref="images/mod_freeRadius1.png" />
            </imageobject>
          </mediaobject>
        </screenshot>

        <para>You can disable unneeded fields on the tab "Module
        settings":</para>

        <screenshot>
          <mediaobject>
            <imageobject>
              <imagedata fileref="images/mod_freeRadius2.png" />
            </imageobject>
          </mediaobject>
        </screenshot>

        <para>Now you will see the tab "FreeRadius" when editing users. The
        extension can be (de)activated for each user. You can setup e.g.
        realm, IP and expiration date.</para>

        <screenshot>
          <mediaobject>
            <imageobject>
              <imagedata fileref="images/mod_freeRadius3.png" />
            </imageobject>
          </mediaobject>
        </screenshot>
      </section>

      <section>
        <title>Heimdal Kerberos (LAM Pro)</title>

        <para>You can manage your Heimdal Kerberos accounts with LAM Pro.
        Please add the user module "Heimdal Kerberos" to activate this
        feature.</para>

        <para><emphasis role="bold">Setup password changing</emphasis></para>

        <para>LAM Pro cannot generate the password hashes itself because
        Heimdal uses a propietary format for them. Therefore, LAM Pro needs to
        call e.g. kadmin to set the password.</para>

        <para>The wildcards @@password@@ and @@principal@@ are replaced with
        password and principal name. Please use keytab authentication for this
        command since it must run without any interaction.</para>

        <para>Example to create a keytab: ktutil -k /root/lam.keytab add -p
        lam@LAM.LOCAL -e aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 -V 1</para>

        <para>Security hint: Please secure your LAM Pro server since the new
        passwords will be visible for a short term in the process list during
        password change.</para>

        <screenshot>
          <mediaobject>
            <imageobject>
              <imagedata fileref="images/mod_kerberos2.png" />
            </imageobject>
          </mediaobject>
        </screenshot>

        <para><emphasis role="bold">User management</emphasis></para>

        <para>You can specify the principal/user name, ticket lifetimes and
        expiration dates. Additionally, you can set various account
        options.</para>

        <screenshot>
          <mediaobject>
            <imageobject>
              <imagedata fileref="images/mod_kerberos1.png" />
            </imageobject>
          </mediaobject>
        </screenshot>
      </section>

      <section>
        <title>Mail routing</title>

        <para>LAM supports to manage mail routing for user accounts. You can
        specify a routing address, the mail server and a number of local
        addresses to route. This feature can be activated by adding the "Mail
        routing" module to the user account type in your server
        profile.</para>

        <screenshot>
          <mediaobject>
            <imageobject>
              <imagedata fileref="images/mailRouting.png" />
            </imageobject>
          </mediaobject>
        </screenshot>
      </section>

      <section>
        <title>SSH keys</title>

        <para>You can manage your public keys for SSH in LAM if you installed
        the <ulink url="http://code.google.com/p/openssh-lpk/">LPK patch for
        SSH</ulink>. Activate the "SSH public key" module for users in the
        server profile and you can add keys to your user entries.</para>

        <screenshot>
          <mediaobject>
            <imageobject>
              <imagedata fileref="images/ldapPublicKey.png" />
            </imageobject>
          </mediaobject>
        </screenshot>
      </section>

      <section>
        <title>Authorized services</title>

        <para>You can setup PAM to check if a user is allowed to run a
        specific service (e.g. sshd) by reading the LDAP attribute
        "authorizedService". This way you can manage all allowed services via
        LAM.</para>

        <para></para>

        <para>To activate this PAM feature please setup your <emphasis
        role="bold">/etc/libnss-ldap.conf</emphasis> and set
        "pam_check_service_attr" to "yes".</para>

        <para></para>

        <para>Inside LAM you can now set the allowed services. You may also
        setup default services in your account profiles.</para>

        <screenshot>
          <mediaobject>
            <imageobject>
              <imagedata fileref="images/mod_authorizedServices.png" />
            </imageobject>
          </mediaobject>
        </screenshot>
      </section>

      <section>
        <title>IMAP mailboxes</title>

        <para>LAM may create and delete mailboxes on an IMAP server for your
        user accounts. You will need an IMAP server that supports either SSL
        or TLS for this feature.</para>

        <para>To activate the mailbox management module please add the
        "Mailbox (imapAccess)" module for the type user in your LAM server
        profile:</para>

        <screenshot>
          <mediaobject>
            <imageobject>
              <imagedata fileref="images/imapAccess1.png" />
            </imageobject>
          </mediaobject>
        </screenshot>

        <para>Now configure the module on the tab "Module settings". Here you
        can specify the IMAP server name, encryption options, the
        authentication for the IMAP connection and the valid mail domains. LAM
        can use either your LAM login password for the IMAP connection or
        display a dialog where you need to enter the password. The mail
        domains specify for which accounts mailboxes may be created/deleted.
        E.g. if you enter "lam-demo.org" then mailboxes can be managed for
        "user@lam-demo.org" but not for "user@example.com".</para>

        <para>You need to install the SSL certificate of the CA that signed
        your server certificate. This is usually done by installing the
        certificate in /etc/ssl/certs. Different Linux distributions may offer
        different ways to do this. For Debian please copy the certificate in
        "/usr/local/share/ca-certificates" and run "update-ca-certificates" as
        root.</para>

        <para>It is not recommended to disable the validation of IMAP server
        certificates.</para>

        <screenshot>
          <mediaobject>
            <imageobject>
              <imagedata fileref="images/imapAccess2.png" />
            </imageobject>
          </mediaobject>
        </screenshot>

        <para>When you edit an user account then you will now see the tab
        "Mailbox". Here you can create/delete the mailbox for this
        user.</para>

        <screenshot>
          <mediaobject>
            <imageobject>
              <imagedata fileref="images/imapAccess3.png" />
            </imageobject>
          </mediaobject>
        </screenshot>
      </section>

      <section id="s_account">
        <title>Account</title>

        <para>This is a very simple module to manage accounts based on the
        object class "account". Usually, this is used for host accounts only.
        Please pay attention that users based on the "account" object class
        cannot have contact information (e.g. telephone number) as with
        "inetOrgPerson".</para>

        <para>You can enter a user/host name and a description for your
        accounts.</para>

        <screenshot>
          <mediaobject>
            <imageobject>
              <imagedata fileref="images/mod_account.png" />
            </imageobject>
          </mediaobject>
        </screenshot>
      </section>
    </section>

    <section>
      <title>Groups</title>

      <para></para>

      <section>
        <title>Unix</title>

        <para>This module is used to manage Unix group entries. This is the
        default module to manage Unix groups and uses the nis.schema. Suse
        users who use the rfc2307bis.schema need to use LAM Pro.</para>

        <screenshot>
          <mediaobject>
            <imageobject>
              <imagedata fileref="images/mod_unixGroup.png" />
            </imageobject>
          </mediaobject>
        </screenshot>
      </section>

      <section>
        <title>Unix groups with rfc2307bis schema (LAM Pro)</title>

        <para>Some applications (e.g. Suse Linux) use the rfc2307bis schema
        for Unix accounts instead of the nis schema. In this case group
        accounts are based on the object class <link lang=""
        linkend="a_groupOfNames">groupOf(Unique)Names</link> or namedObject.
        The object class posixGroup is auxiliary in this case.</para>

        <para>LAM Pro supports these groups with a special account module:
        <emphasis role="bold">rfc2307bisPosixGroup</emphasis></para>

        <para>Use this module only if your system depends on the rfc2307bis
        schema. The module can be selected in the LAM configuration. Instead
        of using groupOfNames as basis for your groups you may also use
        namedObject.</para>

        <para><screenshot>
            <mediaobject>
              <imageobject>
                <imagedata fileref="images/rfc2307bis.png" />
              </imageobject>
            </mediaobject>
          </screenshot><screenshot>
            <mediaobject>
              <imageobject>
                <imagedata fileref="images/mod_unixGroupLAMPro.png" />
              </imageobject>
            </mediaobject>
          </screenshot></para>
      </section>

      <section>
        <title>Samba 3</title>

        <para>LAM supports managing Samba 3 groups. You can set special group
        types and also create Windows predefined groups like "Domain
        admins".</para>

        <screenshot>
          <mediaobject>
            <imageobject>
              <imagedata fileref="images/mod_sambaGroup.png" />
            </imageobject>
          </mediaobject>
        </screenshot>
      </section>

      <section>
        <title>Quota</title>

        <para>You can manage file system quotas with LAM. This requires to
        setup <link linkend="a_lamdaemon">lamdaemon</link>. File system quotas
        are not stored inside LAM but managed directly on the specified
        servers.</para>

        <screenshot>
          <mediaobject>
            <imageobject>
              <imagedata fileref="images/mod_quotaGroup.png" />
            </imageobject>
          </mediaobject>
        </screenshot>
      </section>
    </section>

    <section>
      <title>Hosts</title>

      <section>
        <title>Account</title>

        <para>Please see the description <link
        linkend="s_account">here</link>.</para>
      </section>

      <section>
        <title>Device (LAM Pro)</title>

        <para>The device object class allows to manage general information
        about all sorts of devices (e.g. computers, network hardware, ...).
        You can enter the serial number, location and a describing text. It is
        also possible to specify the owner of the device.</para>

        <screenshot>
          <mediaobject>
            <imageobject>
              <imagedata fileref="images/device.png" />
            </imageobject>
          </mediaobject>
        </screenshot>
      </section>

      <section>
        <title>Samba 3</title>

        <para>You can manage Samba 3 host entries by adding the Unix and Samba
        3 account modules.</para>

        <screenshot>
          <mediaobject>
            <imageobject>
              <imagedata fileref="images/mod_sambaHost1.png" />
            </imageobject>
          </mediaobject>
        </screenshot>

        <screenshot>
          <mediaobject>
            <imageobject>
              <imagedata fileref="images/mod_sambaHost2.png" />
            </imageobject>
          </mediaobject>
        </screenshot>
      </section>

      <section>
        <title>IP addresses (LAM Pro)</title>

        <para>You can manage the IP addresses of host accounts with the ipHost
        module. It manages the following information:</para>

        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>IP addresses (IPv4/IPv6)</para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>location of the host</para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>manager: the person who is responsible for the host</para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>

        <para>You can activate this extension by adding the module ipHost to
        the list of active host modules.</para>

        <screenshot>
          <mediaobject>
            <imageobject>
              <imagedata fileref="images/ipHost.png" />
            </imageobject>
          </mediaobject>
        </screenshot>
      </section>

      <section>
        <title>MAC addresses</title>

        <para>Hosts can have an unlimited number of MAC addresses. To enable
        this feature just add the "MAC address" module to the host account
        type.</para>

        <screenshot>
          <mediaobject>
            <imageobject>
              <imagedata fileref="images/macAddress.png" />
            </imageobject>
          </mediaobject>
        </screenshot>
      </section>
    </section>

    <section>
      <title>Samba 3 domains</title>

      <para>Samba 3 stores information about its domain settings inside LDAP.
      This includes the domain name, its SID and some policies. You can manage
      all these attributes with LAM.</para>

      <para>Please activate the account type "Samba domains" in your LAM
      server profile. Please notice that Samba by default uses the LDAP root
      for domain objects (e.g. dc=example,dc=com).</para>

      <screenshot>
        <mediaobject>
          <imageobject>
            <imagedata fileref="images/sambaDomains1.png" />
          </imageobject>
        </mediaobject>
      </screenshot>

      <para>This will add a new tab to LAM where you can manage domain
      information.</para>

      <para>The domain name, SID and RID base can only be specified for new
      domains and are not changeable via LAM at a later time. You may setup
      several password policies for your Samba domains and also some RID
      options that influence the creation of SIDs for
      users/groups/hosts.</para>

      <screenshot>
        <mediaobject>
          <imageobject>
            <imagedata fileref="images/sambaDomains2.png" />
          </imageobject>
        </mediaobject>
      </screenshot>
    </section>

    <section id="a_groupOfNames">
      <title>Group of (unique) names (LAM Pro)</title>

      <para>These classes can be used to represent group relations. Since they
      allow DNs as members you can also use them to represent nested groups.
      Activate the account type "Group of names" in your LAM server profile to
      use these account modules.</para>

      <para>Group of (unique) names have four basic attributes:</para>

      <itemizedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>Name: a unique name for the group</para>
        </listitem>

        <listitem>
          <para>Description: optional description</para>
        </listitem>

        <listitem>
          <para>Owner: the account which owns this group (optional)</para>
        </listitem>

        <listitem>
          <para>Members: the members of the group (at least one is
          required)</para>
        </listitem>
      </itemizedlist>

      <para>You can add any accounts as members. This includes other groups
      which leads to nested groups.</para>

      <screenshot>
        <mediaobject>
          <imageobject>
            <imagedata fileref="images/groupOfNames1.png" />
          </imageobject>
        </mediaobject>
      </screenshot>
    </section>

    <section id="type_asterisk">
      <title>Asterisk</title>

      <para>LAM includes large support for Asterisk. You can add Asterisk
      extensions (including voicemail) to your users and also manage Asterisk
      extensions.</para>

      <para>The Asterisk support for users can be added by selecting the
      Asterisk and Asterisk voicemail modules for users in your LAM server
      profile. This will add the following tabs to your user accounts.</para>

      <screenshot>
        <mediaobject>
          <imageobject>
            <imagedata fileref="images/asterisk.png" />
          </imageobject>
        </mediaobject>
      </screenshot>

      <para>The Asterisk module allows to edit a large amount of attributes.
      Therefore, you can hide unused fields. Please edit you server profile
      (Module settings) to do so.</para>

      <screenshot>
        <mediaobject>
          <imageobject>
            <imagedata fileref="images/asteriskConfig.png" />
          </imageobject>
        </mediaobject>
      </screenshot>

      <para>Of course, the voicemail part of Asterisk is also
      supported.</para>

      <screenshot>
        <mediaobject>
          <imageobject>
            <imagedata fileref="images/asteriskVoicemail.png" />
          </imageobject>
        </mediaobject>
      </screenshot>

      <para>If you also want to manage Asterisk extensions then simply add the
      account type "Asterisk extensions" and its module to your server
      profile.</para>

      <para>LAM groups your Asterisk extension entries by extension name and
      account context. If you edit an extension then you will see the Asterisk
      entries as rules. LAM manages that all rule entries have the same owners
      and assigns the priorities.</para>

      <screenshot>
        <mediaobject>
          <imageobject>
            <imagedata fileref="images/asteriskExtension.png" />
          </imageobject>
        </mediaobject>
      </screenshot>
    </section>

    <section>
      <title>Zarafa (LAM Pro)</title>

      <para>Zarafa is an OpenSource collaboration software. LAM Pro provides
      support to manage Zarafa server entries, users and groups. It covers all
      settings for these types including resource and quota settings.</para>

      <para>LAM Pro is an official Zarafa Certified Integration.</para>

      <para><inlinemediaobject>
          <imageobject>
            <imagedata fileref="images/zarafa_logo_integrations_certified_140px.jpg" />
          </imageobject>
        </inlinemediaobject></para>

      <section>
        <title>Configuration</title>

        <para>To enable Zarafa support in LAM Pro please activate the Zarafa
        modules for the Users, Groups and Hosts account types in you server
        profile:</para>

        <screenshot>
          <mediaobject>
            <imageobject>
              <imagedata fileref="images/zarafa1.png" />
            </imageobject>
          </mediaobject>
        </screenshot>

        <para>You can configure which parts of the Zarafa user options should
        be enabled. E.g. if you do not want to manage quotas per user then you
        can hide these options on the tab "Module settings".</para>

        <literallayout>
</literallayout>

        <para><emphasis role="bold">"Send as" attribute:</emphasis> Here you
        can specify how "Send as" privileges should be managed. LAM supports
        "uid" and "dn".</para>

        <para>If you select "uid" the LAM will store user names in the
        zarafaSendAsPrivilege attribute. This way you are restricted to
        specify user accounts as "Send as" allowed.</para>

        <para>You can also set this option to "dn" and LAM will store DNs in
        the zarafaSendAsPrivilege attribute. In this case you may specify
        users and groups as "Send as" allowed.</para>

        <literallayout>
</literallayout>

        <para>Examples for your Zarafa ldap.cfg:</para>

        <para>"Send as" attribute: <emphasis role="bold">dn</emphasis></para>

        <para>ldap_user_sendas_attribute_type = dn</para>

        <literallayout>
</literallayout>

        <para>"Send as" attribute: <emphasis role="bold">uid</emphasis></para>

        <para>ldap_user_sendas_attribute_type = text</para>

        <para>ldap_user_sendas_relation_attribute = uid</para>

        <para><literallayout>
</literallayout><literallayout>
</literallayout></para>

        <para><emphasis role="bold">Features:</emphasis> Zarafa 7 allows to
        enable IMAP/POP3 for each user. Please hide the option "Features" if
        you use Zarafa 6.x.</para>

        <screenshot>
          <mediaobject>
            <imageobject>
              <imagedata fileref="images/zarafa2.png" />
            </imageobject>
          </mediaobject>
        </screenshot>

        <section>
          <title>Users</title>

          <para>This is an example of the user edit page with all possible
          settings. This includes email settings, quotas and some options
          (e.g. hide from address book). You can also set the resource type
          and capacity for meeting rooms and equipment. The Zarafa extension
          can be added and removed at any time for every user.</para>

          <para>Please note that the option "Features" requires Zarafa 7.
          Please hide this option in the LAM server profile if you run Zarafa
          6.x.</para>

          <screenshot>
            <mediaobject>
              <imageobject>
                <imagedata fileref="images/zarafa3.png" />
              </imageobject>
            </mediaobject>
          </screenshot>
        </section>

        <section>
          <title>Contacts</title>

          <para>LAM Pro can manage your Zarafa contact entries. You can set
          the email aliases and "send as" privileges. Additionally, accounts
          may be hidden in the address book or disabled.</para>

          <para>Please note that you can either use the Zarafa user module or
          Zarafa contact. LAM Pro will disable the other tab when enabling one
          of them.</para>

          <screenshot>
            <mediaobject>
              <imageobject>
                <imagedata fileref="images/zarafa8.png" />
              </imageobject>
            </mediaobject>
          </screenshot>
        </section>

        <section>
          <title>Groups</title>

          <para>This is the edit page for groups. You can enter an email
          address and additional aliases for your groups. It is also possible
          to specify options (e.g. hide from address book). The extension can
          be added/removed dynamically.</para>

          <para>Please note that the option "Send-as privileges" requires the
          Zarafa 7.0.3 schema. Please hide this option in the LAM server
          profile if you run Zarafa &lt; 7.0.3.</para>

          <screenshot>
            <mediaobject>
              <imageobject>
                <imagedata fileref="images/zarafa4.png" />
              </imageobject>
            </mediaobject>
          </screenshot>
        </section>

        <section>
          <title>Servers</title>

          <para>The Zarafa extension for host accounts allows to set the
          connection ports and file path. You can add/remove the extension at
          any time.</para>

          <para>Setting the public store option is only possible for new host
          entries.</para>

          <para>Please note that the proxy URL option requires the Zarafa 7.1
          schema. Please hide this option in your LAM server profile if you
          use an older version.</para>

          <screenshot>
            <mediaobject>
              <imageobject>
                <imagedata fileref="images/zarafa5.png" />
              </imageobject>
            </mediaobject>
          </screenshot>
        </section>

        <section>
          <title>Address lists</title>

          <para>Zarafa allows to store address lists in LDAP. You need to
          define a search base and LDAP filter for each address list. E.g.
          entering "ou=people,dc=company,dc=com" as base and "uid=*" will
          select all users that are stored in
          "ou=people,dc=company,dc=com".</para>

          <para>You can also hide your lists from the address book or
          temporarily disable them.</para>

          <screenshot>
            <mediaobject>
              <imageobject>
                <imagedata fileref="images/zarafa6.png" />
              </imageobject>
            </mediaobject>
          </screenshot>
        </section>

        <section>
          <title>Dynamic groups</title>

          <para>Zarafa allows to define dynamic groups in LDAP. You need to
          define a search base and LDAP filter for each group. E.g. entering
          "ou=people,dc=company,dc=com" as base and "uid=*" will select all
          users that are stored in "ou=people,dc=company,dc=com".</para>

          <para>Dynamic groups may have an email address and multiple email
          alias addresses.</para>

          <para>You can also hide your dynamic groups from the address book or
          temporarily disable them.</para>

          <screenshot>
            <mediaobject>
              <imageobject>
                <imagedata fileref="images/zarafa7.png" />
              </imageobject>
            </mediaobject>
          </screenshot>
        </section>
      </section>
    </section>

    <section>
      <title>DHCP</title>

      <para>You can mange your DHCP server with LAM. It supports to manage
      subnets, fixed IP entries, IP ranges and DDNS. The DHCP can be activated
      by adding the account type DHCP to your server profile. Please also add
      the DHCP modules. LAM requires that you use an LDAP entry with the
      object class "dhcpServer" as suffix for this account type.</para>

      <literallayout>
</literallayout>

      <para><emphasis role="bold">Example server
      entry:</emphasis><code></code></para>

      <para><code>dn:
      cn=server,ou=dhcp,dc=ldap-account-manager,dc=org</code></para>

      <para><code>objectclass: dhcpServer</code></para>

      <para><code>objectclass: dhcpOptions</code></para>

      <para><code>objectclass: top</code></para>

      <para><code>cn: server</code></para>

      <para><code>dhcpcomments: My DHCP server</code></para>

      <para><code>dhcpoption: domain-name
      "ldap-account-manager.org"</code></para>

      <para><code>dhcpoption: domain-name-servers 192.168.1.1</code></para>

      <para><code>dhcpoption: routers 192.168.1.1</code></para>

      <para><code>dhcpoption: netbios-name-servers 192.168.1.1</code></para>

      <para><code>dhcpoption: subnet-mask 255.255.255.0</code></para>

      <para><code>dhcpoption: netbios-node-type 8</code></para>

      <para><code>dhcpstatements: default-lease-time 3600</code></para>

      <para><code>dhcpstatements: max-lease-time 7200</code></para>

      <para><code>dhcpstatements: include "mykey"</code></para>

      <para><code>dhcpstatements: ddns-update-style interim</code></para>

      <para><code>dhcpstatements: update-static-leases true</code></para>

      <para><code>dhcpstatements: ignore client-updates</code></para>

      <literallayout>
</literallayout>

      <para><emphasis role="bold">Example settings for
      dhcpd.conf:</emphasis></para>

      <para><code>ddns-update-style none;</code></para>

      <para><code>deny unknown-clients;</code></para>

      <para><code>ldap-server "server";</code></para>

      <para><code>ldap-dhcp-server-cn "server";</code></para>

      <para><code>ldap-port 389;</code></para>

      <para><code>ldap-username
      "uid=dhcp,ou=people,dc=ldap-account-manager,dc=org";</code></para>

      <para><code>ldap-password "{SSHA}XXXXXXXXXXXX";</code></para>

      <para><code>ldap-base-dn
      "ou=dhcp,dc=ldap-account-manager,dc=org";</code></para>

      <para><code>ldap-method dynamic;</code></para>

      <para><code>ldap-debug-file
      "/var/log/dhcp-ldap-startup.log";</code></para>

      <para><code></code></para>

      <literallayout>
</literallayout>

      <para><emphasis role="bold">slapd.conf changes:</emphasis></para>

      <para><code>include /etc/ldap/schema/dhcp.schema</code></para>

      <para><code>index dhcpHWAddress eq</code></para>

      <para><code>index dhcpClassData eq</code><literallayout>
Run slapindex to rebuild the index.

</literallayout></para>

      <para>You can manage the settings of your DHCP server entry:</para>

      <screenshot>
        <mediaobject>
          <imageobject>
            <imagedata fileref="images/dhcpMainSettings.png" />
          </imageobject>
        </mediaobject>
      </screenshot>

      <para>You can easily create new subnet entries.</para>

      <screenshot>
        <mediaobject>
          <imageobject>
            <imagedata fileref="images/dhcpSettings.png" />
          </imageobject>
        </mediaobject>
      </screenshot>

      <para>It is also possible to specify a list of fixed IPs.</para>

      <screenshot>
        <mediaobject>
          <imageobject>
            <imagedata fileref="images/fixedIP.png" />
          </imageobject>
        </mediaobject>
      </screenshot>

      <para>IP ranges may be specified.</para>

      <screenshot>
        <mediaobject>
          <imageobject>
            <imagedata fileref="images/ranges.png" />
          </imageobject>
        </mediaobject>
      </screenshot>

      <para>If you activated DDNS in the server entry then you may also
      specify the DDNS settings for this subnet.</para>

      <screenshot>
        <mediaobject>
          <imageobject>
            <imagedata fileref="images/ddns.png" />
          </imageobject>
        </mediaobject>
      </screenshot>
    </section>

    <section>
      <title>Aliases (LAM Pro)</title>

      <para>Some applications use the object class "alias" to link LDAP
      entries to other parts of the LDAP tree. Activate the account type
      "Aliases" in your LAM server profile to use this account type.</para>

      <para>Currently, only user accounts can be aliased with the "uidObject"
      object class.</para>

      <screenshot>
        <mediaobject>
          <imageobject>
            <imagedata fileref="images/alias.png" />
          </imageobject>
        </mediaobject>
      </screenshot>

      <screenshot>
        <mediaobject>
          <imageobject>
            <imagedata fileref="images/alias2.png" />
          </imageobject>
        </mediaobject>
      </screenshot>
    </section>

    <section>
      <title>Mail aliases</title>

      <para>You can manage mail aliases (e.g. for NIS) inside LAM. This can be
      used to replace local /etc/aliases files with LDAP.</para>

      <para>All accounts of this type are based on the "nisMailAlias" object
      class and may have "cn" and "rfc822MailMember" attributes. To activate
      this type please add "Mail aliases" in your LAM server profile:</para>

      <screenshot>
        <mediaobject>
          <imageobject>
            <imagedata fileref="images/nisMailAlias1.png" />
          </imageobject>
        </mediaobject>
      </screenshot>

      <para>The mail aliases will appear as separate tab inside LAM. You may
      then manage the aliases with their names and recipient addresses.</para>

      <screenshot>
        <mediaobject>
          <imageobject>
            <imagedata fileref="images/nisMailAlias2.png" />
          </imageobject>
        </mediaobject>
      </screenshot>
    </section>

    <section>
      <title>NIS net groups</title>

      <para>LAM supports to define NIS netgroups. You can use them e.g. to
      restrict SSH access to your machines.</para>

      <para>Add the NIS net group account type and its module to your server
      profile. Then you can manage net groups in LAM. Net groups may contain
      other net groups as child groups. You can either insert the host/user
      names manually or print the search buttons next to the input fields to
      find existing entries in your directory.</para>

      <screenshot>
        <mediaobject>
          <imageobject>
            <imagedata fileref="images/nisNetgroup.png" />
          </imageobject>
        </mediaobject>
      </screenshot>
    </section>

    <section>
      <title>NIS objects (LAM Pro)</title>

      <para>You can manage NIS objects with LAM Pro. This allows you define
      network mount points in LDAP.</para>

      <para>Add the NIS objects type to your LAM configuration and then the
      NIS objects module. This will add the NIS objects tab to LAM.</para>

      <screenshot>
        <mediaobject>
          <imageobject>
            <imagedata fileref="images/nisObject.png" />
          </imageobject>
        </mediaobject>
      </screenshot>
    </section>

    <section>
      <title>Automount objects (LAM Pro)</title>

      <para>LAM Pro allows you to manage automount entries. Please activate
      the account type "Automount objects" in your LAM Pro server
      profile:</para>

      <screenshot>
        <mediaobject>
          <imageobject>
            <imagedata fileref="images/automount1.png" />
          </imageobject>
        </mediaobject>
      </screenshot>

      <para>This will add a new tab to LAM Pro's main screen which includes a
      list of all automount entries. Here you can easily create new
      entries.</para>

      <screenshot>
        <mediaobject>
          <imageobject>
            <imagedata fileref="images/automount2.png" />
          </imageobject>
        </mediaobject>
      </screenshot>

      <para>Please see the following external HowTos for more information on
      automounting and LDAP:</para>

      <itemizedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para><ulink
          url="https://help.ubuntu.com/community/AutofsLDAP">AutofsLDAP</ulink></para>
        </listitem>

        <listitem>
          <para><ulink type=""
          url="http://www.pro-linux.de/artikel/2/760/automount-ueber-ldap.html">Automount
          über LDAP (German)</ulink></para>
        </listitem>
      </itemizedlist>
    </section>

    <section id="a_ppolicy">
      <title>Password policies (LAM Pro)</title>

      <para>OpenLDAP supports the <ulink
      url="http://linux.die.net/man/5/slapo-ppolicy">ppolicy</ulink> overlay
      to manage password policies for LDAP entries. This allows you to set
      password policies which are independent from your applications. The
      policies are managed internally by the LDAP server.</para>

      <para>You can manage these policies with LAM Pro with the account type
      "Password policies".</para>

      <screenshot>
        <mediaobject>
          <imageobject>
            <imagedata fileref="images/ppolicy.png" />
          </imageobject>
        </mediaobject>
      </screenshot>

      <para>You will need to add the ppolicy schema to your OpenLDAP
      configuration and activate the <ulink
      url="http://linux.die.net/man/5/slapo-ppolicy">ppolicy</ulink> overlay
      module in slapd.conf to use this feature.</para>
    </section>

    <section>
      <title>Custom fields (LAM Pro)</title>

      <para>This module allows you to manage LDAP attributes that are not
      covered by the other LAM modules (e.g. if you use custom LDAP schemas).
      You can fully define how your input fields look like:</para>

      <itemizedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>Label</para>
        </listitem>

        <listitem>
          <para>LDAP attribute name</para>
        </listitem>

        <listitem>
          <para>Unique name for field</para>
        </listitem>

        <listitem>
          <para>Read-only display</para>
        </listitem>

        <listitem>
          <para>Field type: text, password, text area, checkbox, radio
          buttons, select list</para>
        </listitem>

        <listitem>
          <para>Validation via regular expression</para>
        </listitem>

        <listitem>
          <para>Error message if validation fails</para>
        </listitem>
      </itemizedlist>

      <para><emphasis role="bold">Attention:</emphasis> This module is only
      available for LAM Pro Self Service.</para>

      <para>To create custom fields for the Self Service please edit your Self
      Service profile and switch to tab "Module settings". Here you can add a
      new field. Simply fill the fields and press on "Add".</para>

      <para>Please note that the field name cannot be changed later. It is the
      unique ID for this field.</para>

      <para>After you created your fields please press on "Sync fields with
      page layout". Now you can switch to tab "Page layout" and add your new
      fields like any other standard field.</para>

      <screenshot>
        <mediaobject>
          <imageobject>
            <imagedata fileref="images/customFields1.png" />
          </imageobject>
        </mediaobject>
      </screenshot>

      <para>Examples for fields and their representation in Self
      Service:</para>

      <para><emphasis role="bold">Text field:</emphasis></para>

      <para>Text fields can be set read-only. They allow to specify a <link
      linkend="customFields_validation_expressions">validation
      expression</link> and error message.</para>

      <screenshot>
        <mediaobject>
          <imageobject>
            <imagedata fileref="images/customFields2.png" />
          </imageobject>
        </mediaobject>
      </screenshot>

      <para>Presentation in Self Service:</para>

      <screenshot>
        <mediaobject>
          <imageobject>
            <imagedata fileref="images/customFields3.png" />
          </imageobject>
        </mediaobject>
      </screenshot>

      <para><emphasis role="bold">Password field:</emphasis></para>

      <para>You can also manage custom password fields. LAM Pro will display
      two fields where the user must enter the same password. You can hash the
      password if needed.</para>

      <screenshot>
        <mediaobject>
          <imageobject>
            <imagedata fileref="images/customFields4.png" />
          </imageobject>
        </mediaobject>
      </screenshot>

      <para>Presentation in Self Service:</para>

      <screenshot>
        <mediaobject>
          <imageobject>
            <imagedata fileref="images/customFields5.png" />
          </imageobject>
        </mediaobject>
      </screenshot>

      <para><emphasis role="bold">Text area:</emphasis></para>

      <para>This adds a multi-line field. The options are similar to text
      fields. Additionally, you can set the size with the number of columns
      and rows.</para>

      <para>Please note that the <link
      linkend="customFields_validation_expressions">validation
      expression</link> should be set to multi-line. This is done by adding
      "m" at the end.</para>

      <screenshot>
        <mediaobject>
          <imageobject>
            <imagedata fileref="images/customFields6.png" />
          </imageobject>
        </mediaobject>
      </screenshot>

      <para>Presentation in Self Service:</para>

      <screenshot>
        <mediaobject>
          <imageobject>
            <imagedata fileref="images/customFields7.png" />
          </imageobject>
        </mediaobject>
      </screenshot>

      <para><emphasis role="bold">Checkbox:</emphasis></para>

      <para>Sometimes you may want to allow only yes/no values for your LDAP
      attributes. This can be represented by a checkbox. You can specify the
      values for checked and unchecked. The default value is set if the LDAP
      attribute has no value.</para>

      <screenshot>
        <mediaobject>
          <imageobject>
            <imagedata fileref="images/customFields8.png" />
          </imageobject>
        </mediaobject>
      </screenshot>

      <para>Presentation in Self Service:</para>

      <screenshot>
        <mediaobject>
          <imageobject>
            <imagedata fileref="images/customFields9.png" />
          </imageobject>
        </mediaobject>
      </screenshot>

      <para><emphasis role="bold">Radio buttons:</emphasis></para>

      <para>This displays a list of radio buttons where the user can select
      one value.</para>

      <para>You can specify a mapping of LDAP attribute values and their
      display (label) on the Self Service page. To add more mapping fields
      please press "Add more mapping fields".</para>

      <screenshot>
        <mediaobject>
          <imageobject>
            <imagedata fileref="images/customFields10.png" />
          </imageobject>
        </mediaobject>
      </screenshot>

      <para>Presentation in Self Service:</para>

      <screenshot>
        <mediaobject>
          <imageobject>
            <imagedata fileref="images/customFields11.png" />
          </imageobject>
        </mediaobject>
      </screenshot>

      <para><emphasis role="bold">Select list:</emphasis></para>

      <para>Select lists allow the user to select a value in a large list of
      options. The definition of the possible values and their display is
      equal to radio buttons.</para>

      <screenshot>
        <mediaobject>
          <imageobject>
            <imagedata fileref="images/customFields12.png" />
          </imageobject>
        </mediaobject>
      </screenshot>

      <para>Presentation in Self Service:</para>

      <screenshot>
        <mediaobject>
          <imageobject>
            <imagedata fileref="images/customFields13.png" />
          </imageobject>
        </mediaobject>
      </screenshot>

      <para id="customFields_validation_expressions"><emphasis
      role="bold">Validation expressions:</emphasis></para>

      <para>The validation expressions follow the standard of <ulink
      url="http://perldoc.perl.org/perlre.html">Perl regular
      expressions</ulink>. They start and end with a "/". The beginning of a
      line is specified by "^" and the end by "$".</para>

      <para>Examples:</para>

      <para>/^[a-z0-9]+$/ allows small letters and numbers. The value must not
      be empty ("+").</para>

      <para>/^[a-z0-9]+$/i allows small and capital letters ("i" at the end
      means ignore case) and numbers. The value must not be empty
      ("+").</para>

      <para>Special characters that must be escaped with "\": "\", ".", "(",
      ")"</para>

      <para>E.g. /^[a-z0-9\.]$/i</para>
    </section>

    <section>
      <title>Custom scripts (LAM Pro)</title>

      <para>LAM Pro allows you to execute scripts whenever an account is
      created, modified or deleted. This can be useful to automate processes
      which needed manual work afterwards (e.g. sending your user a welcome
      mail or register a mailbox). Additionally, you can specify manual scipts
      that can be executed from within LAM Pro.</para>

      <para>To activate this feature please add the "Custom scripts" module to
      all needed account types on the configuration pages.</para>

      <para>You can specify multiple scripts for each action type (e.g.
      modify) and account type (e.g. user). The scripts need to be located on
      the filesystem of your webserver and will be executed in its user
      environment. E.g. if you webserver runs as user www-data with the group
      www-data then the custom scripts will be run under this user with his
      rights. The output of the scripts will be shown in LAM.</para>

      <para>You can specify the scripts on the LAM configuration pages.</para>

      <screenshot>
        <mediaobject>
          <imageobject>
            <imagedata fileref="images/customScripts.png" />
          </imageobject>
        </mediaobject>
      </screenshot>

      <para><emphasis role="bold">Syntax:</emphasis></para>

      <para>Please enter one script per line. Each line has the following
      format: &lt;account type&gt; &lt;action&gt; &lt;script&gt;</para>

      <para>E.g.: user preModify /usr/bin/myCustomScript -u $uid$</para>

      <para><emphasis role="bold">Account types:</emphasis></para>

      <para>You can setup scripts for all available account types (e.g. user,
      group, host, ...). Please see the help on the configuration page about
      your current active account types.</para>

      <para><emphasis role="bold">Actions:</emphasis></para>

      <table>
        <title>Action types</title>

        <tgroup cols="2">
          <tbody>
            <row>
              <entry><emphasis role="bold">Action name</emphasis></entry>

              <entry><emphasis role="bold">Description</emphasis></entry>
            </row>

            <row>
              <entry>preCreate</entry>

              <entry>executed before creating a new account (cancels operation
              if a script returns an exit code &gt; 0, not available for file
              upload)</entry>
            </row>

            <row>
              <entry>postCreate</entry>

              <entry>executed after creating a new account</entry>
            </row>

            <row>
              <entry>preModify</entry>

              <entry>executed before the account is modified (cancels
              operation if a script returns an exit code &gt; 0)</entry>
            </row>

            <row>
              <entry>postModify</entry>

              <entry>executed after an account was modified</entry>
            </row>

            <row>
              <entry>preDelete</entry>

              <entry>executed before an account was modified (cancels
              operation if a script returns an exit code &gt; 0)</entry>
            </row>

            <row>
              <entry>postDelete</entry>

              <entry>executed after an account was modified</entry>
            </row>

            <row>
              <entry>manual</entry>

              <entry>can be run manually on account page</entry>
            </row>
          </tbody>
        </tgroup>
      </table>

      <para><emphasis role="bold">Script:</emphasis></para>

      <para>You can execute any script which is located on the filesystem of
      your webserver. The path may be absolute or relative to the
      PATH-variable of the environment of your webserver process. It is also
      possible to add commandline arguments to your scripts. Additionally, LAM
      will resolve wildcards to LDAP attributes. If your script includes an
      wildcard in the format $ATTRIBUTE$ then LAM will replace it with the
      attribute value of the current LDAP entry. The values of multi-value
      attributes are separated by commas. E.g. if you create an account with
      the attribute "uid" and value "steve" then LAM will resolve "$uid$" to
      "steve".</para>

      <para>Please note that manual scripts can only use the current LDAP
      attribute values of the account. Any modifications done that are not
      saved will not be available. Manual scripts are also not available for
      new accounts that are not yet saved to LDAP.</para>

      <para>You can switch LAM's logging to debug mode if you are unsure which
      attributes with which values are available.</para>

      <para>The following special wildcards are available for automatical
      scripts:</para>

      <itemizedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para><emphasis role="bold">$INFO.userPasswordClearText$:</emphasis>
          cleartext password when Unix password is changed (e.g. useful for
          external password synchronisation) for new/modified accounts</para>
        </listitem>

        <listitem>
          <para><emphasis
          role="bold">$INFO.userPasswordStatusChange$:</emphasis> provides
          additional information if the password locking status was changed,
          possible values: locked, unlocked, unchanged</para>
        </listitem>

        <listitem>
          <para><emphasis
          role="bold">$INFO.passwordSelfResetAnswerClearText$</emphasis>:
          cleartext answer to security question</para>
        </listitem>

        <listitem>
          <para><emphasis role="bold">$NEW.&lt;attribute&gt;$:</emphasis> the
          value of a new attribute (e.g. $NEW.telephoneNumber$) for modified
          accounts</para>
        </listitem>

        <listitem>
          <para><emphasis role="bold">$DEL.&lt;attribute&gt;$:</emphasis> the
          value of a deleted attribute (e.g. $DEL.telephoneNumber$) for
          modified accounts</para>
        </listitem>

        <listitem>
          <para><emphasis role="bold">$MOD.&lt;attribute&gt;$:</emphasis> the
          new value of a modified attribute (e.g. $MOD.telephoneNumber$) for
          modified accounts</para>
        </listitem>
      </itemizedlist>

      <para><emphasis role="bold">Output may contain HTML:</emphasis> If your
      scripts generate HTML output then activate this option.</para>

      <para><emphasis role="bold">Hide command in messages:</emphasis> You may
      want to prevent that your users see the executed commands. In this case
      activating this option will only show the command output but not the
      command itself.</para>

      <para></para>

      <para>You can see a preview of the commands which will be automatically
      executed on the "Custom scripts" tab. Here you can also run the manual
      scripts.</para>

      <screenshot>
        <mediaobject>
          <imageobject>
            <imagedata fileref="images/customScripts2.png" />
          </imageobject>
        </mediaobject>
      </screenshot>
    </section>

    <section>
      <title>Sudo roles (LAM Pro)</title>

      <para>You can manage your sudo roles in LDAP if you have installed the
      sudo-ldap package or <ulink
      url="http://www.sudo.ws/sudo/readme_ldap.html">compiled sudo with LDAP
      support</ulink>. To activate sudo management in LAM Pro edit your server
      profile and add the type "Sudo roles".</para>

      <screenshot>
        <mediaobject>
          <imageobject>
            <imagedata fileref="images/sudoRole.png" />
          </imageobject>
        </mediaobject>
      </screenshot>

      <para>The sudo roles in LDAP work similar to those in /etc/sudoers. You
      can specify who may run which commands as which user. It is also
      possible to specify options like NOPASSWD.</para>
    </section>

    <section>
      <title>General information</title>

      <para>This module is available for all account types. It shows some
      internal information about the LDAP entries like the creation time and
      who modified the entry.</para>

      <para>If you use the "memberOf" overlay in OpenLDAP then this will also
      show group memberships done by the overlay.</para>

      <screenshot>
        <mediaobject>
          <imageobject>
            <imagedata fileref="images/mod_generalInformation.png" />
          </imageobject>
        </mediaobject>
      </screenshot>
    </section>

    <section>
      <title>Tree view (LDAP browser)</title>

      <para>The tree view provides a raw view on your LDAP directory. This
      feature is for people who are experienced with LDAP and need special
      functionality which the LAM account modules not provide. E.g. if you
      want to add a special object class to an account or edit attributes
      ignoring LAM's syntax checks.</para>

      <screenshot>
        <mediaobject>
          <imageobject>
            <imagedata fileref="images/tree1.png" />
          </imageobject>
        </mediaobject>
      </screenshot>

      <para>There are also some special functions available:</para>

      <para><emphasis role="bold">Export:</emphasis> This allows you to export
      entries to a file (e.g. LDIF or CSV format).</para>

      <para><emphasis role="bold">Show internal attributes:</emphasis> Shows
      internal attributes of the current entry. This includes information
      about the creator and creation time of the entry.</para>
    </section>

    <section>
      <title>Typical usage scenarios</title>

      <para>Here is a list of typical usage scenarios and what account types
      and modules you need to configure.</para>

      <para><emphasis role="bold">Address book entries:</emphasis></para>

      <para>Account types:</para>

      <itemizedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>Users (Personal)</para>
        </listitem>
      </itemizedlist>

      <para><emphasis role="bold">Unix accounts:</emphasis></para>

      <para>Account types:</para>

      <itemizedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>Users (Personal + Unix)</para>
        </listitem>

        <listitem>
          <para>Groups (Unix (posixGroup))</para>
        </listitem>
      </itemizedlist>

      <para>Suse users may need to use Group (Group of names + Unix
      (rfc2307bisPosixGroup)) because of Suse's special LDAP schema.</para>

      <para><emphasis role="bold">Samba accounts:</emphasis></para>

      <para>Account types:</para>

      <itemizedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>Users (Personal + User + Samba 3)</para>
        </listitem>

        <listitem>
          <para>Groups (Unix + Samba 3)</para>
        </listitem>

        <listitem>
          <para>Hosts (Account + Unix + Samba 3)</para>
        </listitem>

        <listitem>
          <para>Samba domains (Samba domain)</para>
        </listitem>
      </itemizedlist>

      <para><emphasis role="bold">Asterisk:</emphasis></para>

      <para>Account types:</para>

      <itemizedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>Users (Personal + Asterisk)</para>
        </listitem>

        <listitem>
          <para>Asterisk extensions (Asterisk extension)</para>
        </listitem>
      </itemizedlist>

      <para><emphasis role="bold">Zarafa:</emphasis></para>

      <para>Account types:</para>

      <itemizedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>Users (Personal + Unix + Zarafa (+ Zarafa contact))</para>
        </listitem>

        <listitem>
          <para>Groups (Unix + Zarafa)</para>
        </listitem>

        <listitem>
          <para>Zarafa dynamic groups (Zarafa dynamic group)</para>
        </listitem>

        <listitem>
          <para>Zarafa address lists (Zarafa address list)</para>
        </listitem>

        <listitem>
          <para>Hosts (Device + Zarafa + IP Address)</para>
        </listitem>
      </itemizedlist>
    </section>
  </chapter>

  <chapter>
    <title>Tools</title>

    <para></para>

    <section id="a_accountProfile">
      <title>Profile editor</title>

      <para>The account profiles are templates for your accounts. Here you can
      specify default values which can then be loaded when you create
      accounts. You may also load a template for an existing account to reset
      it to default values. When you create a new account then LAM will always
      load the profile named <emphasis role="bold">"default"</emphasis>. This
      account profile can include default values for all your accounts.</para>

      <screenshot>
        <mediaobject>
          <imageobject>
            <imagedata fileref="images/profileEditor.png" />
          </imageobject>
        </mediaobject>
      </screenshot>
    </section>

    <section>
      <title>File upload</title>

      <para>When you need to create lots of accounts then you can use LAM's
      file upload to create them. LAM will read a CSV formatted file and
      create the related LDAP entries. Please check the data in you CSV file
      carefully. LAM will do less checks for the file upload than for single
      account creation.</para>

      <para>At the first page please select the account type and what
      extensions should be activated.</para>

      <screenshot>
        <mediaobject>
          <imageobject>
            <imagedata fileref="images/fileUpload1.png" />
          </imageobject>
        </mediaobject>
      </screenshot>

      <para>The next page shows all available options for the file upload. You
      will also find a sample CSV file which can be used as template for your
      CSV file. All red options are required columns in the file. You need to
      specify a value for each account.</para>

      <para>When you upload the CSV file then LAM first does some checks on
      this file. This includes syntax checks and if all required data was
      entered. No changes in the LDAP directory are done at this time.</para>

      <para>If the checks were successful then LAM will ask again if you want
      to create the accounts. You will also have the chance to check the
      upload by viewing the changes in LDIF format.</para>

      <screenshot>
        <mediaobject>
          <imageobject>
            <imagedata fileref="images/fileUpload2.png" />
          </imageobject>
        </mediaobject>
      </screenshot>
    </section>

    <section>
      <title>OU editor</title>

      <para>This is a simple editor to add/delete organisational units in your
      LDAP tree. This way you can structure the accounts.</para>

      <screenshot>
        <mediaobject>
          <imageobject>
            <imagedata fileref="images/ouEditor.png" />
          </imageobject>
        </mediaobject>
      </screenshot>
    </section>

    <section>
      <title>PDF editor</title>

      <para>All accounts in LAM may be exported as PDF files. You can specify
      the page structure and displayed information by editing the PDF
      profiles.</para>

      <para>When you export accounts to PDF then each account will get its own
      page inside the PDF. There is a headline on each page where you can show
      a page title. You may also add a logo to each page. To add more possible
      logos simply copy the images to config/pdf/logos.</para>

      <screenshot>
        <mediaobject>
          <imageobject>
            <imagedata fileref="images/pdfEditor.png" />
          </imageobject>
        </mediaobject>
      </screenshot>

      <para>The main part is structured into sections of information. Each
      section has a title. This can either be static text or the value of an
      attribute. You may also insert a static text block as section. Sections
      can be moved by using the arrows next to the section title.</para>

      <para>Each section can contain multiple fields which usually represent
      LDAP attributes. You can simply add new fields by selecting the field
      name and its position. Then use the arrows to move the field inside the
      section.</para>
    </section>

    <section>
      <title>Schema browser</title>

      <para>Here you browse the schema of your LDAP server. You can view what
      object classes, attributes, syntaxes and matching rules are available.
      This is useful if you need to check if a certain object class is
      available.</para>

      <screenshot>
        <mediaobject>
          <imageobject>
            <imagedata fileref="images/schemaBrowser.png" />
          </imageobject>
        </mediaobject>
      </screenshot>
    </section>

    <section>
      <title>Server information</title>

      <para>This shows information and statistics about your LDAP server. This
      includes the suffixes, used overlays, connection data and operation
      statistics. You will need "cn=monitor" setup to see all details. Some
      data may not be available depending on your LDAP server software.</para>

      <para>Please see the following links how to setup "cn=monitor":</para>

      <itemizedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para><ulink
          url="http://www.openldap.org/doc/admin24/monitoringslapd.html">OpenLDAP</ulink></para>
        </listitem>

        <listitem>
          <para><ulink type=""
          url="http://directory.fedoraproject.org/wiki/Howto:CN%3DMonitor_LDAP_Monitoring">389
          server</ulink></para>
        </listitem>
      </itemizedlist>

      <screenshot>
        <mediaobject>
          <imageobject>
            <imagedata fileref="images/serverInfo.png" />
          </imageobject>
        </mediaobject>
      </screenshot>
    </section>

    <section>
      <title>Tests</title>

      <para>This allows you to check if your LDAP schema is compatible with
      LAM and to find possible problems.</para>

      <section>
        <title>Lamdaemon test</title>

        <para>LAM provides an external script to manage home directories and
        quotas. You can test here if everything is setup correctly.</para>

        <screenshot>
          <mediaobject>
            <imageobject>
              <imagedata fileref="images/lamdaemonTest.png" />
            </imageobject>
          </mediaobject>
        </screenshot>
      </section>

      <section>
        <title>Schema test</title>

        <para>This will test if your LDAP schema supports all object classes
        and attributes of the active LAM modules. If you get a message that
        something is missing please check that you installed all <link
        linkend="a_schema">required schemas</link>.</para>

        <para>If you get error messages about object class violations then
        this test can tell you what is missing.</para>

        <screenshot>
          <mediaobject>
            <imageobject>
              <imagedata fileref="images/schemaTest.png" />
            </imageobject>
          </mediaobject>
        </screenshot>
      </section>
    </section>
  </chapter>

  <chapter id="a_accessLevelPasswordReset">
    <title>Access levels and password reset page (LAM Pro)</title>

    <para>You can define different access levels for each profile to allow or
    disallow write access. The password reset page helps your deskside support
    staff to reset user passwords.</para>

    <section>
      <title id="s_accessLevel">Access levels</title>

      <para>There are three access levels:</para>

      <itemizedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para><emphasis role="bold">Write access (default)</emphasis></para>

          <para>There are no restrictions. LAM admin users can manage account,
          create profiles and set passwords.</para>
        </listitem>

        <listitem>
          <para><emphasis role="bold">Change passwords</emphasis></para>

          <para>Similar to "Read only" except that the <link
          linkend="s_pwdReset">password reset page</link> is available.</para>
        </listitem>

        <listitem>
          <para><emphasis role="bold">Read only</emphasis></para>

          <para>No write access to the LDAP database is allowed. It is also
          impossible to manage account and PDF profiles.</para>

          <para>Accounts may be viewed but no changes can be saved.</para>
        </listitem>
      </itemizedlist>

      <para>The access level can be set on the server configuration
      page:</para>

      <para><screenshot>
          <mediaobject>
            <imageobject>
              <imagedata fileref="images/accessLevel.png" />
            </imageobject>
          </mediaobject>
        </screenshot></para>
    </section>

    <section id="s_pwdReset">
      <title>Password reset page</title>

      <para>This special page allows your deskside support staff to reset the
      Unix and Samba passwords of your users. Account may also be (un)locked
      If you set the <link linkend="s_accessLevel">access level</link> to
      "Change passwords" then LAM will not allow any changes to the LDAP
      database except password changes via this page. The account pages will
      be still available in read-only mode.</para>

      <para>You can open the password reset page by clicking on the key symbol
      on each user account:</para>

      <para><screenshot>
          <mediaobject>
            <imageobject>
              <imagedata fileref="images/passwordReset1.png" />
            </imageobject>
          </mediaobject>
        </screenshot>There are three different options to set a new
      password:</para>

      <itemizedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para><emphasis role="bold">set random password and display it on
          screen</emphasis></para>

          <para>This will set the user's password to a random value. The
          password will be 11 characters long with a random combination of
          letters, digits and ".-_".</para>

          <para>You may want to use this method to tell users their new
          passwords via phone.</para>
        </listitem>

        <listitem>
          <para><emphasis role="bold">set random password and mail it to
          user</emphasis></para>

          <para>If the user account has set the mail attribute then LAM can
          send your user a mail with the new password. You can change the mail
          template to fit your needs. Please configure your LAM server profile
          to setup the sender address, subject and mail body.</para>

          <para>Using this method will prevent that your support staff knows
          the new password.</para>
        </listitem>

        <listitem>
          <para><emphasis role="bold">set specific password</emphasis></para>

          <para>Here you can specify your own password.</para>
        </listitem>
      </itemizedlist>

      <screenshot>
        <mediaobject>
          <imageobject>
            <imagedata fileref="images/passwordReset2.png" />
          </imageobject>
        </mediaobject>
      </screenshot>

      <para>LAM will display contact information about the user like the
      user's name, email address and telephone number. This will help your
      deskside support to easily contact your users.</para>

      <para><emphasis role="bold">Options:</emphasis></para>

      <para>Depending on the account there may be additional options
      available.</para>

      <itemizedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para><emphasis role="bold">Sync Samba NT/LM password with Unix
          password:</emphasis> If a user account has Samba passwords set then
          LAM will offer to synchronize the passwords.</para>
        </listitem>

        <listitem>
          <para><emphasis role="bold">Unlock Samba account:</emphasis> Locked
          Samba accounts can be unlocked with the password change.</para>
        </listitem>

        <listitem>
          <para><emphasis role="bold">Update Samba password
          timestamps:</emphasis> This will set the timestamps when the
          password was changed (sambaPwdLastSet), may be changed again
          (sambaPwdCanChange) and must be changed again (sambaPwdMustChange).
          Only existing attributes are updated. No new attributes are
          added.</para>
        </listitem>

        <listitem>
          <para><emphasis role="bold">Sync Kerberos password with Unix
          password:</emphasis> This will also update the Heimdal Kerberos
          password.</para>
        </listitem>

        <listitem>
          <para><emphasis role="bold">Sync Asterisk (voicemail) password with
          Unix password:</emphasis> Changes also the Asterisk
          passwords.</para>
        </listitem>

        <listitem>
          <para><emphasis role="bold">Force password change:</emphasis> This
          will force the user to change his password at next login. This
          option supports Shadow, Samba 3 and PPolicy (automatically
          detected).</para>
        </listitem>
      </itemizedlist>

      <literallayout>
</literallayout>

      <para><emphasis role="bold">Account (un)locking:</emphasis></para>

      <para>Depending if the account includes a Unix/Samba extension and
      PPolicy is activated the page will show options to (un)lock the account.
      E.g. if the account is fully unlocked then there will be no unlocking
      options printed.</para>

      <screenshot>
        <mediaobject>
          <imageobject>
            <imagedata fileref="images/passwordReset3.png" />
          </imageobject>
        </mediaobject>
      </screenshot>
    </section>
  </chapter>

  <chapter id="a_selfService">
    <title>Self service (LAM Pro)</title>

    <section>
      <title>Preparations</title>

      <section>
        <title>OpenLDAP ACLs</title>

        <para>By default only a few administrative users have write access to
        the LDAP database. Before your users may change their settings you
        must allow them to change their LDAP data.</para>

        <para>This can be done by adding an ACL to your slapd.conf which looks
        like this:</para>

        <para><emphasis role="bold">access to</emphasis></para>

        <para><emphasis role="bold">
        attrs=mail,sn,givenName,telephoneNumber,mobile,facsimileTelephoneNumber,street,postalAddress,postOfficeBox,postalCode,roomNumber,userPassword,shadowLastChange</emphasis></para>

        <para><emphasis role="bold"> by self write</emphasis></para>

        <para><emphasis role="bold"> by * read</emphasis></para>

        <para>If you do not want them to change all attributes then reduce the
        list to fit your needs. Some modules may require additional LDAP
        attributes. You can use the tree view to get the technical attribute
        names e.g. by selecting an user account.</para>

        <para>Usually, the slapd.conf file is located in /etc/ldap or
        /etc/openldap.</para>
      </section>

      <section>
        <title>Other LDAP servers</title>

        <para>There exist many LDAP implementations. If you do not use
        OpenLDAP you need to write your own ACLs. Please check the manual of
        your LDAP server for instructions.</para>
      </section>
    </section>

    <section>
      <title>Creating a self service profile</title>

      <para>A self service profile defines what input fields your users see
      and some other general settings like the login caption.</para>

      <para>When you go to the LAM configuration page you will see the self
      service link at the bottom. This will lead you to the self service
      configuration pages</para>

      <screenshot>
        <mediaobject>
          <imageobject>
            <imagedata fileref="images/conf1.jpg" />
          </imageobject>
        </mediaobject>
      </screenshot>

      <para>Now we need to create a new self service profile. Click on the
      link to manage the self service profiles.</para>

      <screenshot>
        <mediaobject>
          <imageobject>
            <imagedata fileref="images/conf2.jpg" />
          </imageobject>
        </mediaobject>
      </screenshot>

      <para>Specify a name for the new profile and enter your master
      configuration password (default is "lam") to save the profile.</para>

      <screenshot>
        <mediaobject>
          <imageobject>
            <imagedata fileref="images/conf3.jpg" />
          </imageobject>
        </mediaobject>
      </screenshot>

      <para>Now go back to the profile login and enter your master
      configuration password to edit your new profile.</para>
    </section>

    <section>
      <title>Edit your new profile</title>

      <section>
        <title>Basic settings</title>

        <para>On top of the page you see the link to the user login page. Copy
        this link address and give it to your users.</para>

        <para>Below the link you can specify several options.</para>

        <screenshot>
          <mediaobject>
            <imageobject>
              <imagedata fileref="images/conf4.jpg" />
            </imageobject>
          </mediaobject>
        </screenshot>

        <table>
          <title>General options</title>

          <tgroup cols="2">
            <tbody>
              <row>
                <entry>Server address</entry>

                <entry>The address of your LDAP server</entry>
              </row>

              <row>
                <entry>LDAP suffix</entry>

                <entry>The part of the LDAP tree where LAM should search for
                users</entry>
              </row>

              <row>
                <entry>LDAP user + password</entry>

                <entry>The DN and password which is used to search for users
                in the LDAP database. It is sufficient if this DN has only
                read rights. If you leave these fields empty LAM will try to
                connect anonymously.</entry>
              </row>

              <row>
                <entry>LDAP search attribute</entry>

                <entry>Here you can specify if your users can login with user
                name + password, email + password or other attributes.</entry>
              </row>

              <row>
                <entry>HTTP authentication</entry>

                <entry>You can enable HTTP authentication for your users. This
                way the web server is responsible to authenticate your users.
                LAM will use the given user name + password for the LDAP
                login. To setup HTTP authentication in Apache please see this
                <ulink
                url="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/howto/auth.html">link</ulink>.</entry>
              </row>

              <row>
                <entry>Login attribute label</entry>

                <entry>This is the description for the LDAP search attribute.
                Set it to something which your users are familiar
                with.</entry>
              </row>

              <row>
                <entry>Login caption</entry>

                <entry>This text is displayed at the login page. You can input
                HTML, too.</entry>
              </row>

              <row>
                <entry>Main page caption</entry>

                <entry>This text is displayed at self service main page where
                your users change their data. You can input HTML, too.</entry>
              </row>

              <row>
                <entry>Page header</entry>

                <entry>This HTML code will be placed on top of all self
                service pages. E.g. you can use this to place your custom
                logo. Any HTML code is permitted.</entry>
              </row>

              <row>
                <entry>Additional CSS links</entry>

                <entry>Here you can specify additional CSS links to change the
                layout of the self service pages. This is useful to adapt them
                to your corporate design. Please enter one link per
                line.</entry>
              </row>
            </tbody>
          </tgroup>
        </table>
      </section>

      <section>
        <title>Page layout</title>

        <para>On the bottom you can specify what input fields your users can
        see. It is also possible to group several input fields.</para>

        <screenshot>
          <mediaobject>
            <imageobject>
              <imagedata fileref="images/conf5.jpg" />
            </imageobject>
          </mediaobject>
        </screenshot>
      </section>

      <section id="PasswordSelfReset">
        <title>Password self reset</title>

        <para><emphasis role="bold">Settings</emphasis></para>

        <para>You can allow your users to reset their passwords themselves.
        This will reduce your administrative costs for cases where users
        forget their passwords.</para>

        <para>To enable this feature please activate the checkbox "Enable
        password self reset link":</para>

        <screenshot>
          <mediaobject>
            <imageobject>
              <imagedata fileref="images/passwordSelfReset1.png" />
            </imageobject>
          </mediaobject>
        </screenshot>

        <para>You can now configure the minimum answer length for password
        reset answers. This is checked when you allow you users to specify
        their answers via the self service. Additionally, you can specify the
        text of the password reset link (default: "Forgot password?"). The
        link is displayed below the password field on the self service login
        page.</para>

        <para>Next, please enter the DN and password of an LDAP entry that is
        allowed to reset the passwords. This entry needs write access to the
        attributes shadowLastChange, pwdAccountLockedTime and userPassword. It
        also needs read access to uid, mail, passwordSelfResetQuestion and
        passwordSelfResetAnswer. Please note that LAM Pro saves the password
        on your server file system. Therefore, it is required to protect your
        server against unauthorised access.</para>

        <para>Please also specify the list of password reset questions that
        the user can choose.</para>

        <literallayout> </literallayout>

        <para>You can inform your users via mail about their password change.
        The mail can include the new password by using the special wildcard
        "@@newPassword@@". Additionally, you may want to insert other
        wildcards that are replaced by the corresponding LDAP attributes. E.g.
        "@@uid@@" will be replaced by the user name.</para>

        <literallayout> </literallayout>

        <para>LAM Pro can send your users an email with a confirmation link to
        validate their email address. Of course, this should only be used if
        the email account is independent from the user password (e.g. at
        external provider). The mail must include the confirmation link by
        using the special wildcard "@@resetLink@@". Additionally, you may want
        to insert other wildcards that are replaced by the corresponding LDAP
        attributes. E.g. "@@uid@@" will be replaced by the user name.</para>

        <para>There is also an option to skip the security question at all if
        email verification is enabled. In this case the password can be reset
        directly after clicking on the confirmation link. Please handle with
        care since anybody with access to the user's mail account can reset
        the password.</para>

        <para><emphasis role="bold">New fields for self service
        page</emphasis></para>

        <para>There are two new fields that you may put on the self service
        page for your users. These fields allow them to change the reset
        question and its answer.</para>

        <screenshot>
          <mediaobject>
            <imageobject>
              <imagedata fileref="images/passwordSelfReset2.png" />
            </imageobject>
          </mediaobject>
        </screenshot>

        <para>This is an example how can be presented to your users on the
        self service page:</para>

        <screenshot>
          <mediaobject>
            <imageobject>
              <imagedata fileref="images/passwordSelfReset3.png" />
            </imageobject>
          </mediaobject>
        </screenshot>

        <para><emphasis role="bold">Password reset link</emphasis></para>

        <para>After activating the password self reset feature there will be a
        new link on the self service login page. The text can be configured as
        described above (default: "Forgot password?").</para>

        <screenshot>
          <mediaobject>
            <imageobject>
              <imagedata fileref="images/passwordSelfReset4.png" />
            </imageobject>
          </mediaobject>
        </screenshot>

        <para>When a user clicks on the link then he will be asked for
        identification with his user name and email address.</para>

        <screenshot>
          <mediaobject>
            <imageobject>
              <imagedata fileref="images/passwordSelfReset5.png" />
            </imageobject>
          </mediaobject>
        </screenshot>

        <para>LAM Pro will use this information to find the correct LDAP entry
        of this user. It then displays the user's security question and input
        fields for his new password. If the answer is correct then the new
        password will be set. Additionally, pwdAccountLockedTime will be
        removed and shadowLastChange updated to the current time if
        existing.</para>

        <screenshot>
          <mediaobject>
            <imageobject>
              <imagedata fileref="images/passwordSelfReset6.png" />
            </imageobject>
          </mediaobject>
        </screenshot>
      </section>

      <section>
        <title>User self registration</title>

        <para>With LAM Pro your users can create their own accounts if you
        like. LAM Pro will display an additional link on the self service
        login page that allows you users to create a new account including
        email validation.</para>

        <para>You enable this feature in your self service profile. Just
        activate the checkbox "Enable self registration link".</para>

        <screenshot>
          <mediaobject>
            <imageobject>
              <imagedata fileref="images/accountRegistration1.png" />
            </imageobject>
          </mediaobject>
        </screenshot>

        <para><emphasis role="bold">Options:</emphasis></para>

        <para><emphasis>Link text:</emphasis> This is the label for the link
        to the self registration. If empty "Register new account" will be
        used.</para>

        <para><emphasis>Admin DN and password:</emphasis> Please enter the
        LDAP DN and its password that should be used to create new users. This
        DN also needs to be able to do LDAP searches by uid in the self
        service part of your LDAP tree.</para>

        <para><emphasis>Object classes:</emphasis> This is a list of object
        classes that are used to build the new user accounts. Please enter one
        object class in each line.</para>

        <para><emphasis>Attributes:</emphasis> This is a list of additional
        attributes that the user can enter. Please note that user name,
        password and email address are mandatory anyway and need not be
        specified.</para>

        <para>Each line represents one LDAP attribute. The options are
        separated by "::". The first option specifies if the attribute is
        mandatory. It can have the values "optional" and "required". The
        second option is the LDAP attribute name and the third one is a
        descriptive label for it. Options four and five are used for input
        validation. Please enter the regular expression (e.g.
        "/^[0-9a-zA-Z]+$/") and an error message if the value does not match
        it. For a syntax description see <ulink
        url="http://perldoc.perl.org/perlre.html">here</ulink>. Validation is
        optional.</para>

        <para>Example:</para>

        <para>optional::givenName::First name::/^[[:alnum:] ]+$/u::Please
        enter a valid first name.</para>

        <para>required::sn::Last name::/^[[:alnum:] ]+$/u::Please enter a
        valid last name.</para>

        <para>If you use the object class "inetOrgPerson" and do not provide
        the "cn" attribute then LAM will set it to the user name value.</para>

        <literallayout>
</literallayout>

        <para>Please note that only simple input boxes are supported for
        account registration. The user may log in to self service when his
        account was created to manage all his attributes.</para>

        <literallayout>
</literallayout>

        <para><emphasis role="bold">User view:</emphasis></para>

        <para>The user can register by clicking on a link on the self service
        login page:</para>

        <screenshot>
          <mediaobject>
            <imageobject>
              <imagedata fileref="images/accountRegistration2.png" />
            </imageobject>
          </mediaobject>
        </screenshot>

        <para>Here he can insert the data that you specified in the self
        service profile:</para>

        <screenshot>
          <mediaobject>
            <imageobject>
              <imagedata fileref="images/accountRegistration3.png" />
            </imageobject>
          </mediaobject>
        </screenshot>

        <para>LAM will then send him an email with a validation link that is
        valid for 24 hours. When he clicks on this link then the account will
        be created in the self service user suffix. The DN will look like
        this: <emphasis>uid=&lt;user name&gt;,...</emphasis></para>
      </section>
    </section>

    <section>
      <title>Adapt the self service to your corporate design</title>

      <para>LAM Pro allows you to integrate customs CSS style definitions and
      design the header of all self service pages. This way you can integrate
      you own logo and use your company's colors.</para>

      <section>
        <title>Custom header</title>

        <para>The default LAM Pro header includes a logo and a horizontal
        line. You can enter any HTML code here. It will be included in the
        self services pages after the body tag.</para>

        <screenshot>
          <mediaobject>
            <imageobject>
              <imagedata fileref="images/configPageHeader.png" />
            </imageobject>
          </mediaobject>
        </screenshot>
      </section>

      <section>
        <title>CSS files</title>

        <para>Usually, companies have regulations about their corporate design
        and use common CSS files. This assures a common appearance of all
        intranet pages (e.g. colors and fonts). To include additional CSS
        files just use the following setting for this task. The additional CSS
        links will be added after LAM Pro's default CSS link. This way you can
        overwrite LAM Pro's style.</para>

        <screenshot>
          <mediaobject>
            <imageobject>
              <imagedata fileref="images/configCSS.png" />
            </imageobject>
          </mediaobject>
        </screenshot>
      </section>
    </section>
  </chapter>

  <appendix id="a_schema">
    <title>LDAP schema files</title>

    <para>Here is a list of needed LDAP schema files for the different LAM
    modules. For OpenLDAP we also provide a source where you can get the
    files.</para>

    <table frame="none" lang="" role="" tabstyle="nogrid">
      <title>LDAP schema files</title>

      <tgroup cols="6">
        <thead>
          <row>
            <entry></entry>

            <entry>Account type</entry>

            <entry>Object class(es)</entry>

            <entry>Schema name</entry>

            <entry>Source</entry>

            <entry>Notes</entry>
          </row>
        </thead>

        <tbody>
          <row>
            <entry><inlinemediaobject>
                <imageobject>
                  <imagedata fileref="images/schema_unix.png" />
                </imageobject>
              </inlinemediaobject></entry>

            <entry>Unix accounts</entry>

            <entry>posixAccount, shadowAccount, hostObject, posixGroup</entry>

            <entry>nis.schema, rfc2307bis.schema, ldapns.schema
            (hostObject)</entry>

            <entry>Part of OpenLDAP installation, part of libpam-ldap
            (ldapns.schema)</entry>

            <entry>The rfc2307bis.schema is only supported by LAM Pro. Use the
            nis.schema if you do not want to upgrade to LAM Pro.</entry>
          </row>

          <row>
            <entry><inlinemediaobject>
                <imageobject>
                  <imagedata fileref="images/schema_inetOrgPerson.png" />
                </imageobject>
              </inlinemediaobject></entry>

            <entry>Address book entries</entry>

            <entry>inetOrgPerson</entry>

            <entry>inetorgperson.schema</entry>

            <entry>Part of OpenLDAP installation</entry>

            <entry></entry>
          </row>

          <row>
            <entry><inlinemediaobject>
                <imageobject>
                  <imagedata fileref="images/schema_samba.png" />
                </imageobject>
              </inlinemediaobject></entry>

            <entry>Samba 3 accounts</entry>

            <entry>sambaSamAccount, sambaGroupMapping, sambaDomain</entry>

            <entry>samba.schema</entry>

            <entry>Part of Samba tarball (examples/LDAP/samba.schema)</entry>

            <entry></entry>
          </row>

          <row>
            <entry><inlinemediaobject>
                <imageobject>
                  <imagedata fileref="images/schema_kolab.png" />
                </imageobject>
              </inlinemediaobject></entry>

            <entry>Kolab 2 users</entry>

            <entry>kolabUser</entry>

            <entry>kolab2.schema, rfc2739.schema</entry>

            <entry>Part of Kolab 2 installation</entry>

            <entry></entry>
          </row>

          <row>
            <entry><inlinemediaobject>
                <imageobject>
                  <imagedata fileref="images/schema_asterisk.png" />
                </imageobject>
              </inlinemediaobject></entry>

            <entry>Asterisk (extension)</entry>

            <entry>AsteriskSIPUser, AsteriskExtension</entry>

            <entry>asterisk.schema</entry>

            <entry>Part of Asterisk installation</entry>

            <entry></entry>
          </row>

          <row>
            <entry><inlinemediaobject>
                <imageobject>
                  <imagedata fileref="images/schema_mailAlias.png" />
                </imageobject>
              </inlinemediaobject></entry>

            <entry>Mail routing</entry>

            <entry>inetLocalMailRecipient</entry>

            <entry>misc.schema</entry>

            <entry>Part of OpenLDAP installation</entry>

            <entry></entry>
          </row>

          <row>
            <entry><inlinemediaobject>
                <imageobject>
                  <imagedata fileref="images/schema_hostObject.png" />
                </imageobject>
              </inlinemediaobject></entry>

            <entry>Hosts</entry>

            <entry>hostObject, device</entry>

            <entry>ldapns.schema</entry>

            <entry>Part of libpam-ldap installation</entry>

            <entry>The device object class is only available in LAM
            Pro.</entry>
          </row>

          <row>
            <entry><inlinemediaobject>
                <imageobject>
                  <imagedata fileref="images/schema_authorizedServices.png" />
                </imageobject>
              </inlinemediaobject></entry>

            <entry>Authorized services</entry>

            <entry>authorizedServiceObject</entry>

            <entry>ldapns.schema</entry>

            <entry>Part of libpam-ldap installation</entry>

            <entry></entry>
          </row>

          <row>
            <entry><inlinemediaobject>
                <imageobject>
                  <imagedata fileref="images/schema_mailAlias.png" />
                </imageobject>
              </inlinemediaobject></entry>

            <entry>Mail aliases</entry>

            <entry>nisMailAlias</entry>

            <entry>misc.schema</entry>

            <entry>Part of OpenLDAP installation</entry>

            <entry></entry>
          </row>

          <row>
            <entry><inlinemediaobject>
                <imageobject>
                  <imagedata fileref="images/schema_mac.png" />
                </imageobject>
              </inlinemediaobject></entry>

            <entry>MAC addresses</entry>

            <entry>ieee802device</entry>

            <entry>nis.schema</entry>

            <entry>Part of OpenLDAP installation</entry>

            <entry></entry>
          </row>

          <row>
            <entry><inlinemediaobject>
                <imageobject>
                  <imagedata fileref="images/schema_ipHost.png" />
                </imageobject>
              </inlinemediaobject></entry>

            <entry>IP addresses</entry>

            <entry>ipHost</entry>

            <entry>nis.schema</entry>

            <entry>Part of OpenLDAP installation</entry>

            <entry>This account type is only available in LAM Pro.</entry>
          </row>

          <row>
            <entry><inlinemediaobject>
                <imageobject>
                  <imagedata fileref="images/schema_user.png" />
                </imageobject>
              </inlinemediaobject></entry>

            <entry>Simple Accounts</entry>

            <entry>account</entry>

            <entry>cosine.schema</entry>

            <entry>Part of OpenLDAP installation</entry>

            <entry></entry>
          </row>

          <row>
            <entry><inlinemediaobject>
                <imageobject>
                  <imagedata fileref="images/schema_ssh.png" />
                </imageobject>
              </inlinemediaobject></entry>

            <entry>SSH public keys</entry>

            <entry>ldapPublicKey</entry>

            <entry>openssh-lpk.schema</entry>

            <entry>Included in patch from <ulink
            url="http://code.google.com/p/openssh-lpk/">http://code.google.com/p/openssh-lpk/</ulink></entry>

            <entry></entry>
          </row>

          <row>
            <entry><inlinemediaobject>
                <imageobject>
                  <imagedata fileref="images/schema_quota.png" />
                </imageobject>
              </inlinemediaobject></entry>

            <entry>Filesystem quotas</entry>

            <entry>systemQuotas</entry>

            <entry>quota.schema</entry>

            <entry><ulink
            url="http://sourceforge.net/projects/linuxquota/">Linux
            DiskQuota</ulink></entry>

            <entry></entry>
          </row>

          <row>
            <entry><inlinemediaobject>
                <imageobject>
                  <imagedata fileref="images/schema_groupOfNames.png" />
                </imageobject>
              </inlinemediaobject></entry>

            <entry>Group of (unique) names</entry>

            <entry>groupOfNames, groupOfUniqueNames</entry>

            <entry>core.schema</entry>

            <entry>Part of OpenLDAP installation</entry>

            <entry>This account type is only available in LAM Pro.</entry>
          </row>

          <row>
            <entry><inlinemediaobject>
                <imageobject>
                  <imagedata fileref="images/schema_dhcp.png" />
                </imageobject>
              </inlinemediaobject></entry>

            <entry>DHCP</entry>

            <entry>dhcpOptions, dhcpSubnet, dhcpServer</entry>

            <entry>dhcp.schema</entry>

            <entry>docs/schema/dhcp.schema</entry>

            <entry>The LDAP suffix should be set to your dhcpServer
            entry.</entry>
          </row>

          <row>
            <entry><inlinemediaobject>
                <imageobject>
                  <imagedata fileref="images/schema_alias.png" />
                </imageobject>
              </inlinemediaobject></entry>

            <entry>Aliases</entry>

            <entry>alias, uidObject</entry>

            <entry>core.schema</entry>

            <entry>Part of OpenLDAP installation</entry>

            <entry>This account type is only available in LAM Pro.</entry>
          </row>

          <row>
            <entry><inlinemediaobject>
                <imageobject>
                  <imagedata fileref="images/schema_netgroup.png" />
                </imageobject>
              </inlinemediaobject></entry>

            <entry>NIS netgroups</entry>

            <entry>nisNetgroup</entry>

            <entry>nis.schema</entry>

            <entry>Part of OpenLDAP installation</entry>

            <entry></entry>
          </row>

          <row>
            <entry><inlinemediaobject>
                <imageobject>
                  <imagedata fileref="images/schema_nisObject.png" />
                </imageobject>
              </inlinemediaobject></entry>

            <entry>NIS objects</entry>

            <entry>nisObject</entry>

            <entry>nis.schema</entry>

            <entry>Part of OpenLDAP installation</entry>

            <entry>This account type is only available in LAM Pro.</entry>
          </row>

          <row>
            <entry><inlinemediaobject>
                <imageobject>
                  <imagedata fileref="images/schema_nisObject.png" />
                </imageobject>
              </inlinemediaobject></entry>

            <entry>Automount objects</entry>

            <entry>automount</entry>

            <entry>autofs.schema</entry>

            <entry>Autofs LDAP</entry>

            <entry>This account type is only available in LAM Pro.</entry>
          </row>

          <row>
            <entry><inlinemediaobject>
                <imageobject>
                  <imagedata fileref="images/schema_ppolicy.png" />
                </imageobject>
              </inlinemediaobject></entry>

            <entry>Password policies</entry>

            <entry>pwdPolicy, device</entry>

            <entry>ppolicy.schema, core.schema</entry>

            <entry>Part of OpenLDAP installation</entry>

            <entry>This account type is only available in LAM Pro.</entry>
          </row>

          <row>
            <entry><inlinemediaobject>
                <imageobject>
                  <imagedata fileref="images/schema_freeRadius.png" />
                </imageobject>
              </inlinemediaobject></entry>

            <entry>FreeRadius users</entry>

            <entry>radiusprofile</entry>

            <entry>openldap.schema</entry>

            <entry>Part of FreeRadius installation</entry>

            <entry></entry>
          </row>

          <row>
            <entry><inlinemediaobject>
                <imageobject>
                  <imagedata fileref="images/schema_heimdal.png" />
                </imageobject>
              </inlinemediaobject></entry>

            <entry>Heimdal Kerberos</entry>

            <entry>krb5KDCEntry</entry>

            <entry>hdb.schema</entry>

            <entry>Part of Heimdal Kerberos installation</entry>

            <entry>This account type is only available in LAM Pro.</entry>
          </row>

          <row>
            <entry><inlinemediaobject>
                <imageobject>
                  <imagedata fileref="images/schema_sudo.png" />
                </imageobject>
              </inlinemediaobject></entry>

            <entry>Sudo roles</entry>

            <entry>sudoRole</entry>

            <entry>sudo.schema</entry>

            <entry>Part of sudo-ldap installation</entry>

            <entry>This account type is only available in LAM Pro.</entry>
          </row>

          <row>
            <entry><inlinemediaobject>
                <imageobject>
                  <imagedata fileref="images/schema_zarafa.png" />
                </imageobject>
              </inlinemediaobject></entry>

            <entry>Zarafa</entry>

            <entry>zarafa-user, zarafa-group, zarafa-server</entry>

            <entry>zarafa.schema</entry>

            <entry>Part of Zarafa installation</entry>

            <entry>This account type is only available in LAM Pro.</entry>
          </row>

          <row>
            <entry><inlinemediaobject>
                <imageobject>
                  <imagedata fileref="images/schema_mailAlias.png" />
                </imageobject>
              </inlinemediaobject></entry>

            <entry>IMAP mailboxes</entry>

            <entry>-</entry>

            <entry>-</entry>

            <entry>-</entry>

            <entry>Does not require any schema.</entry>
          </row>
        </tbody>
      </tgroup>
    </table>
  </appendix>

  <appendix id="a_security">
    <title>Security</title>

    <section id="a_configPasswords">
      <title>LAM configuration passwords</title>

      <para>LAM supports a two level authorization system for its
      configuration. Therefore, there are two types of configuration
      passwords:</para>

      <itemizedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para><emphasis role="bold">master configuration
          password:</emphasis> needed to change general settings,
          create/delete server profiles and self service profiles</para>
        </listitem>

        <listitem>
          <para><emphasis role="bold">server profile password:</emphasis> used
          to change the settings of a server profile (e.g. LDAP server and
          account types to manage)</para>
        </listitem>
      </itemizedlist>

      <para>The master configuration password can be used to reset a server
      profile password. Each server profile has its own profile
      password.</para>

      <para>Both password types are stored as hash values in the configuration
      files for enhanced security.</para>
    </section>

    <section>
      <title>Use of SSL</title>

      <para>The data which is transfered between you and LAM is very
      sensitive. Please always use SSL encrypted connections between LAM and
      your browser to protect yourself against network sniffers.</para>
    </section>

    <section>
      <title>LDAP with SSL and TLS</title>

      <para>SSL will be used if you use ldaps://servername in your
      configuration profile. TLS can be activated with the "Activate TLS"
      option.</para>

      <para>You will need to setup ldap.conf to trust your server certificate.
      Some installations use /etc/ldap.conf and some use /etc/ldap/ldap.conf.
      It is a good idea to symlink /etc/ldap.conf to /etc/ldap/ldap.conf.
      Specify the server CA certificate with the following option:</para>

      <programlisting>TLS_CACERT /etc/ldap/ca/myCA/cacert.pem</programlisting>

      <para>This needs to be the public part of the signing certificate
      authority. See "man ldap.conf" for additional options.</para>
    </section>

    <section>
      <title>Chrooted servers</title>

      <para>If your server is chrooted and you have no access to /dev/random
      or /dev/urandom this can be a security risk. LAM stores your LDAP
      password encrypted in the session. LAM uses rand() to generate the key
      if /dev/random and /dev/urandom are not accessible. Therefore the key
      can be easily guessed. An attaker needs read access to the session file
      (e.g. by another Apache instance) to exploit this.</para>
    </section>

    <section>
      <title>Protection of your LDAP password and directory contents</title>

      <para>You have to install the MCrypt extension for PHP to enable
      encryption.</para>

      <para>Your LDAP password is stored encrypted in the session file. The
      key and IV to decrypt it are stored in two cookies. We use MCrypt/AES to
      encrypt the password. All data that was read from LDAP and needs to be
      stored in the session file is also encrypted.</para>
    </section>

    <section>
      <title>Apache configuration</title>

      <section>
        <title>Sensitive directories</title>

        <para>LAM includes several .htaccess files to protect your
        configuration files and temporary data. Apache is often configured to
        not use .htaccess files by default. Therefore, please check your
        Apache configuration and change the override setting to:</para>

        <para>AllowOverride All</para>

        <para>If you are experienced in configuring Apache then you can also
        copy the security settings from the .htaccess files to your main
        Apache configuration.</para>

        <para>If possible, you should not rely on .htaccess files but also
        move the config and sess directory to a place outside of your WWW
        root. You can put a symbolic link in the LAM directory so that LAM
        finds the configuration/session files.</para>

        <para>Security sensitive directories:</para>

        <para><emphasis role="bold">config: </emphasis>Contains your LAM
        configuration and account profiles</para>

        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>LAM configuration passwords (SSHA hashed)</para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>default values for new accounts</para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>directory must be accessibly by Apache but needs not to be
            accessible by the browser</para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>

        <para><emphasis role="bold">sess:</emphasis> PHP session files</para>

        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>LAM admin password in clear text or MCrypt encrypted</para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>cached LDAP entries in clear text or MCrypt encrypted</para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>directory must be accessibly by Apache but needs not to be
            accessible by the browser</para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>

        <para><emphasis role="bold">tmp:</emphasis> temporary files</para>

        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>PDF documents which may also include passwords</para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>images of your users</para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>directory contents must be accessible by browser but
            directory itself needs not to be browseable</para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
      </section>

      <section id="apache_http_auth">
        <title>Use LDAP HTTP authentication for LAM</title>

        <para>With HTTP authentication Apache will be responsible to ask for
        the user name and password. Both will then be forwarded to LAM which
        will use it to access LDAP. This approach gives you more flexibility
        to restrict the number of users that may access LAM (e.g. by requiring
        group memberships).</para>

        <para>First of all you need to load additional Apache modules. These
        are "<ulink
        url="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/mod/mod_ldap.html">mod_ldap</ulink>"
        and "<ulink type=""
        url="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/mod/mod_authnz_ldap.html">mod_authnz_ldap</ulink>".</para>

        <para>Next you can add a file called "lam_auth_ldap" to
        /etc/apache/conf.d. This simple example restricts access to all URLs
        beginning with "lam" to LDAP authentication.</para>

        <programlisting>&lt;location /lam&gt;
  AuthType Basic
  AuthBasicProvider ldap
  AuthName "LAM"
  AuthLDAPURL "ldap://localhost:389/ou=People,dc=company,dc=com?uid"
  Require valid-user
&lt;/location&gt;</programlisting>

        <para>You can also require that your users belong to a certain Unix
        group in LDAP:</para>

        <programlisting>&lt;location /lam&gt;
  AuthType Basic
  AuthBasicProvider ldap
  AuthName "LAM"
  AuthLDAPURL "ldap://localhost:389/ou=People,dc=company,dc=com?uid"
  Require valid-user
  # force membership of lam-admins
  AuthLDAPGroupAttribute memberUid
  AuthLDAPGroupAttributeIsDN off
  Require ldap-group cn=lam-admins,ou=group,dc=company,dc=com
&lt;/location&gt;</programlisting>

        <para>Please see the <ulink
        url="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/mod/mod_authnz_ldap.html">Apache
        documentation</ulink> for more details.</para>
      </section>
    </section>
  </appendix>

  <appendix>
    <title>Recommended OpenLDAP settings</title>

    <para>Some basic hints to configure the OpenLDAP server:</para>

    <para><emphasis role="bold">Size limit:</emphasis> OpenLDAP allows by
    default 500 return values per search, if you have more users/groups/hosts
    change this in slapd.conf: e.g. "sizelimit 10000" or "sizelimit -1" for
    unlimited return values.</para>

    <para><emphasis role="bold">Indices:</emphasis> Indices will improve the
    performance when searching for entries in the LDAP directory. The
    following indices are recommended:</para>

    <simplelist>
      <member>index objectClass eq</member>

      <member>index default sub</member>

      <member>index uidNumber eq</member>

      <member>index gidNumber eq</member>

      <member>index memberUid eq</member>

      <member>index cn,sn,uid,displayName pres,sub,eq</member>

      <member># Samba 3.x</member>

      <member>index sambaSID eq</member>

      <member>index sambaPrimaryGroupSID eq</member>

      <member>index sambaDomainName eq</member>
    </simplelist>
  </appendix>

  <appendix id="a_lamdaemon">
    <title>Setup for home directory and quota management</title>

    <para>Lamdaemon.pl is used to modify quota and home directories on a
    remote or local host via SSH. If you want wo use it you have to set up the
    following things to get it to work:</para>

    <section>
      <title>LDAP Account Manager configuration</title>

      <itemizedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>Set the remote or local host in the configuration (e.g.
          127.0.0.1)</para>
        </listitem>

        <listitem>
          <para>Path to lamdaemon.pl, e.g.
          /srv/www/htdocs/lam/lib/lamdaemon.pl If you installed a Debian or
          RPM package then the script may be located at
          /usr/share/ldap-account-manager/lib or /var/www/html/lam/lib.</para>
        </listitem>

        <listitem>
          <para>Your LAM admin user must be a valid Unix account. It needs to
          have the object class "posixAccount" and an attribute "uid". This
          account must be accepted by the SSH daemon of your home directory
          server. Do not create a second local account but change your system
          to accept LDAP users. You can use LAM to add the Unix account part
          to your admin user.</para>
        </listitem>
      </itemizedlist>
    </section>

    <section>
      <title>Setup sudo</title>

      <para>The perl script has to run as root. Therefore we need a wrapper,
      sudo. Edit /etc/sudoers on host where homedirs or quotas should be used
      and add the following line:</para>

      <para>$admin All= NOPASSWD: $path_to_lamdaemon *</para>

      <para><emphasis condition="">$admin</emphasis> is the admin user from
      LAM (must be a valid Unix account) and
      <emphasis>$path_to_lamdaemon</emphasis> is the path to
      lamdaemon.pl.</para>

      <para><emphasis role="bold">Example:</emphasis></para>

      <para>myAdmin ALL= NOPASSWD: /srv/www/htdocs/lam/lib/lamdaemon.pl
      *</para>

      <para>You might need to run the sudo command once manually to init sudo.
      The command "sudo -l" will show all possible sudo commands of the
      current user.</para>

      <para><emphasis role="bold">Attention:</emphasis> Please do not use the
      options "Defaults requiretty" and "Defaults env_reset" in /etc/sudoers.
      Otherwise you might get errors like "you must have a tty to run sudo" or
      "no tty present and no askpass program specified".</para>
    </section>

    <section>
      <title>Setup Perl</title>

      <para>We need an extra Perl module - Quota. To install it, run:</para>

      <simplelist>
        <member>perl -MCPAN -e shell</member>

        <member>install Quota</member>
      </simplelist>

      <para>If your Perl executable is not located in /usr/bin/perl you will
      have to edit the path in the first line of lamdaemon.pl. If you have
      problems compiling the Perl modules try installing a newer release of
      your GCC compiler and the "make" application.</para>

      <para>Several Linux distributions already include a quota package for
      Perl.</para>
    </section>

    <section>
      <title>Set up SSH</title>

      <para>Your SSH daemon must offer the password authentication method. To
      activate it just use this configuration option in
      /etc/ssh/sshd_config:</para>

      <para>PasswordAuthentication yes</para>
    </section>

    <section>
      <title>Troubleshooting</title>

      <para>If you have problems managing quotas and home directories then
      these points might help:</para>

      <itemizedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>There is a test page for lamdaemon: Login to LAM and open
          Tools -&gt; Tests -&gt; Lamdaemon test</para>
        </listitem>

        <listitem>
          <para>Check /var/log/auth.log or its equivalent on your system. This
          file contains messages about all logins. If the ssh login failed
          then you will find a description about the reason here.</para>
        </listitem>

        <listitem>
          <para>Set sshd in debug mode. In /etc/ssh/sshd_conf add these
          lines:</para>

          <simplelist>
            <member>SyslogFacility AUTH</member>

            <member>LogLevel DEBUG3</member>
          </simplelist>

          <para>Now check /var/log/syslog for messages from sshd.</para>
        </listitem>

        <listitem>
          <para>Update Openssh. A Suse Linux user reported that upgrading
          Openssh solved the problem.</para>
        </listitem>
      </itemizedlist>
    </section>
  </appendix>

  <appendix>
    <title>Kolab user management</title>

    <para>Here are some notes on managing Kolab accounts with LAM:</para>

    <section>
      <title>Creating accounts</title>

      <para>The mailbox server cannot be changed after the account has been
      saved. Please make sure that the value is correct. The email address
      ("Personal" page) must match your Kolab domain, otherwise the account
      will not work.</para>
    </section>

    <section>
      <title>Deleting accounts</title>

      <para>If you want to cleanly delete accounts use the "Mark for deletion"
      button on the Kolab subpage of an account. This will also remove the
      user's mailbox. If you delete the account from the account list (which
      is standard for LAM accounts) then no cleanup actions are made.</para>
    </section>

    <section>
      <title>Managing accounts with both LAM and Kolab Admin GUI</title>

      <para>The Kolab GUI has some restrictions that LAM does not have. Please
      pay attention to the following restrictions:</para>

      <itemizedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>Common name in LAM</para>

          <para>The common name must have the format "&lt;first name&gt;
          &lt;last name&gt;". You can leave the field empty in LAM and it will
          automatically fill in the correct value.</para>
        </listitem>

        <listitem>
          <para>Changing first/last name in Kolab GUI</para>

          <para>Do not change the first/last name of your users in the Kolab
          GUI! The GUI will change the common name which leads to an LDAP
          object class violation. This is caused by a bug in the Kolab
          GUI.</para>
        </listitem>
      </itemizedlist>
    </section>

    <section>
      <title>Adding a Kolab part to existing accounts</title>

      <para>If you upgrade existing non-Kolab accounts please make sure that
      the account has an Unix password.</para>
    </section>

    <section>
      <title>Installing LAM on the Kolab server</title>

      <para>You can install LAM in the directory "/kolab/var/kolab/www" which
      is the root directory for Apache. The PHP installation already includes
      all required packages.</para>
    </section>
  </appendix>
</book>